Tournament 3 Flashcards
Part of the gastrointestinal tract which serves as a reserve area for the absorption of drugs that have escaped absorption proximally because of their physicochemical properties or their dosage form
LARGE INTESTINE
___________ delivery systems place the drug at or near the receptor site
TARGETED
This is the formation of a ring-like structure resulting from the interaction between a partial ring of atoms and a metal
CHELATION
The extent of ionization may be described by
HENDERSON-HASSELBALCH EQUATION
Part of the transdermal drug delivery system that maintains the drug concentration gradient within the device
ADHESIVE LAYER
*formulation matrix
The faster the stomach emptying the
higher the plasma drug concentration
Which of the following gives the correct order of decreasing rate of absorption?
SOLUTION, SUSPENSION, CAPSULE, TABLET
Lying on the left side _________ rate of gastric emptying
DECREASES
The _________ of a single dose of a drug is a function of both the rate and extent of absorption
EFFICACY
Capsule shells become brittle at low ______
HUMIDITY
In modified release dosage forms, this is the rate-limiting step
LIBERATION
The in vitro correlate of drug absorption that indicates the time it takes for a solid dosage form to breakdown into small particles, not necessarily solution
DISINTEGRATION
Modified release tablets alter the __________ of drug release
RATE OR TIMING
For hydrophobic drugs, excessive particle size reduction does not always lead to faster dissolution rate due to formation of
AGGREGATES
In ________, the drug is impregnated into a biodegradable or nonbiodegradable material and is released slowly for localized or systemic effect
INSOLUBLE MATRICES
Generally, drug-cyclodextrin complexes
ARE MORE WATER SOLUBLE
Particle size is __________ related to surface area
INVERSELY
Drug dissolution is described by
NOYES-WHITNEY EQUATION
This is the ability of a drug to exist in more than one crystalline form
POLYMORPHISM
Transport process which is also described as “cell-eating”
PHAGOCYTOSIS
This excipient makes powders adhere to each other and form aggregates
BINDER
The rate of gastric emptying is the rate-limiting step in the dosage form
SOLUTION
The more complication the formulation of a drug product, the greater the potential for __________ problems
BIOAVAILABILITY
Usually the _____ form dissolves more rapidly than the hydrated form
ANHYDROUS
In conventional oral dosage forms, this is the rate-limiting step
DISSOLUTION
The make segments of the gastrointestinal tract differ from one another both anatomically and _____, as well as with respect to secretions and ph
MORPHOLOGICALLY
Modified release tablets may sometimes result to ______ problem
DOSE-DUMPING
This part of the gastrointestinal tract is where substance like alcohol, barbital, and aspirin are readily absorbed
STOMACH
Transport process where drugs are moved by the aid of ATP-dependent pumps
TRANSPORTER PROTEINS
Transdermal drug delivery systems contain the drug for _______ absorption after topical application to the skin
SYSTEMIC
This is the ration of drug solubility (at equilibrium) in non-aqueous and aqueous solvent
PARTITION COEFFICIENT
Better blood supply favors a/an
INCREASE IN ABSORPTION OF THE DRUG
Tablets have reduced effective area due to _________
COMPRESSION
An increase in the temperature of food __________ rate of gastric emptying
INCREASES
Part of the gastrointestinal tract where the epithelial surface area is extraordinarily large because of the presence of villi and microvilli
SMALL INTESTINE
Transport process where drugs are moved from the mucosa to the serosa
CARRIER-MEDIATED
This is the ability of a drug to exist as optically active stereoisomers or enantiomers
CHIRALITY
The rate-limiting step in the bioavailability of a drug is the _________ step
SLOWEST
Transport process described by Fick’s Law
PASSIVE DIFFUSION
Usually, the amorphous form has a faster dissolution rate than the ______ form
CRYSTALLINE
Transport process where drugs are moved uphill against a concentration gradient
ACTIVE
Fatty food ________ rate of gastric emptying
DECREASES
This is a species formed by the reversible or irreversible association of two or more interacting molecules or ions
COMPLEX FORMATION
Which of the following gives the correct order of decreasing rate of absorption?
SOLUTION, EMULSION, SUSPENSION, PELLET
Anticholinergic __________ rate of gastric emptying
DECREASE
Transport process where drugs or dissolved materials are engulfed by a cell
VESICULAR
Modified release tablets are suited for short _________ drugs
HALF-LIFE
Tablet coating should break down quickly so as not to hinder the drug’s ____________
BIOAVAILABILITY
Transport process where drugs are moved through tight or narrow junctions between cells or transendothelial channels of cells
CONVECTIVE
A _________ suspension prolongs gastric emptying, slows down drug dissolution, and decreases absorption rate
HIGHLY VISCOUS
This kind of drug can easily cross the membrane of the gastrointestinal tract – NONPOLAR
Most chiral drugs are used as __________ mixtures
RACEMIC
Bulky materials in the gastric area tend to empty ______ than liquids
MORE SLOWLY
Enteric coating minimizes contact between the drug and the __________ region
GASTRIC
This excipient may reduce the wetting of the drug particle
LUBRICANT
The contents of a hard capsule should not be subjected to high _______ that reduced the effective surface area
COMPRESSION PRESSURE
The most important site for drug absorption in the GI tract
SMALL INTESTINE
