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A2 Travel & Tourism > Tourism Development > Flashcards

Tourism Development Flashcards

1
Q

What is the term MEDC?

A

More Economically Developed Country

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2
Q

What is the term LEDC?

A

Less Economically Developed Country

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3
Q

Give a name of a country that is an MEDC?

A

United Kingdom, Germany, France, China, Australia and Dubai.

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4
Q

Give a name of a country that is an LEDC?

A

Kenya, India, Pakistan, Mexico and Kerala.

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5
Q

What does the term niche mean?

A

Niche tourism - Number of tourists is spread out evenly throughout the year.

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6
Q

What does the term mass mean?

A

Mass tourism - There is a sudden arrival of tourists in an area.

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7
Q

Which rate does an MEDC have?

A

Mass

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8
Q

Which rate does an LEDC have?

A

Niche

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9
Q

What are the 3 agents of tourism development?

A

Private, Public and Voluntary.

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10
Q

What is the aim of the private sectors?

A

Their aim is to earn profit.

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11
Q

What is the aim of the public sector?

A

Their aim is to educate and provide a service to the public.

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12
Q

What is the aim of the voluntary sector?

A

Their aim is to raise awareness.

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13
Q

Which sectors don’t aim to make profit?

A

Public & Voluntary sector.

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14
Q

Which sector aims to make profit?

A

Private sector.

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15
Q

What agents are part of the private sector?

A

Hotel Developers, Landowners, Development companies, Consultancies, Sponsors, Leisure organisations, National Government, National tourists boards, English Heritage, Tourist Information Centres and UNESCO.

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16
Q

What does UNESCO stand for?

A

United Nations of Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation.

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17
Q

How many tourist boards does the UK have?

A

4.

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18
Q

What are the 4 tourist boards in the UK?

A

Visit Britain, Visit Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales.

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19
Q

What agents are part of the voluntary sector?

A

Community groups, Pressure groups, English a Heritage Site, National Trust and Tourism Concern.

20
Q

What are the 4 objectives of tourism development?

A

1) Economic.
2) Environmental.
3) Socio-cultural.
4) Political.

21
Q

What are the economic objectives?

A

1) Creation of jobs both indirect and direct.
2) Increasing foreign currency earning to contribute to the GDP.
3) Bringing in tourist who spend money locally and contribute to the multiplier effect.
4) Increasing income for commercial operators.
5) Increasing foreign currency from overseas tourists.
6) Expenditure encourages investments by private sector developer.

22
Q

What does indirect employment mean?

A

Indirect employment is people who make money from the direct employees.

23
Q

What does the direct employment mean?

A

Direct employment is people who work directly with the tourists.

24
Q

What does the term expenditure mean?

A

Expenditure is the amount of money spent.

25
Q

What does GDP stand for and what does is mean?

A

Gross Domestic Product, it is the total value of goods provided in a country in a year.

26
Q

What does the term balance of payment mean?

A

Balance of payment is how the government calculates how much money is coming from foreigners and is leaving.

27
Q

What is the multiplier effect?

A

Multiplier effect is how many times money is spent by a tourist that moves through a country’s economy.

28
Q

What are the 3 environmental objectives?

A

1) Habitat preservation for wildlife in an area,
2) Regeneration and conservation of natural environment.
3) Environmental education.

29
Q

What are the 4 socio-cultural objectives?

A

1) Improving the quality of life for the local population.
2) Providing community facility.
3) Promoting cultural understanding between local and tourists.
4) Revival of traditional activities to create a sense of identity.

30
Q

What are the 2 political objectives?

A

1) Creating a national identity to boost domestic morale.

2) Enhancing the image of an area.

31
Q

What is sustainable tourism?

A

Sustainable tourism aims to balance the requirements of tourists with the needs of local communities and to protect the environment.

32
Q

What are the 4 principles of sustainable tourism?

A

1) Tourism should provide employment for the local to create a link between tourism and local businesses.
2) The community should maintain control of tourism development.
3) A code of practice should be established for tourism.
4) Education and training programmes to improve natural resources.

33
Q

What is destination management?

A

Destination management is managing the positive and negative impacts.

34
Q

What are the aims of destination management?

A

1) To MAXIMISE positive impacts.

2) To MINIMISE negative impacts.

35
Q

How do you maximise the positive impacts?

A

1) Tourism education.
2) Widen access to facilities.
3) Staff training and development.
4) Invest the income from tourists in public.

36
Q

How do you minimise the negative impacts?

A

1) Have control when planning.
2) Use the principles of sustainable tourism.
3) Manage visitors numbers and traffic effectively.
4) Assess any environmental impact.

38
Q

What are the negative economic impacts?

A

1) The living cost will increase.
2) Taxes will increase.
3) Leakage will occur.
4) There will be a decline in employment.

39
Q

What are the positive environment impacts?

A

1) The landscape is preserved.
2) Wildlife and the environment is conserved.
3) Areas are regenerated.
4) Building regulations have been set up.

40
Q

What are the negative environmental impacts?

A

1) Traffic congestion will occur.
2) Destruction of natural wildlife.
3) Water and air pollution will occur.
4) Erosion of natural resources.

41
Q

What are the positive socio-cultural impacts?

A

1) Teaching tourist about the locals.
2) Provisions of community facilities and public services.
3) Preservation of culture.

42
Q

What are the negative socio-cultural impacts?

A

1) Loss of cultural identity.
2) Crime will increase.
3) Family structures will change.
4) Social problems may occur.

43
Q

What parties are involved in a triangular relationship?

A

1) Host.
2) Tourists.
3) Agents.

44
Q

What does the host contribute to tourism development?

A

The host accepts the tourists into the area and they work with the agents to make sure that tourism training takes place.

45
Q

What does the tourist contribute to tourism development?

A

The tourists spend money into the local area and they mix with the local population.

46
Q

What does the agents contribute to tourism development?

A

The agents assist the planning of areas, infrastructures and access.

48
Q

What are the positive economic impacts?

A

1) Increased income.
2) Employment creation.
3) Infrastructure will be improved.
4) The creation of the multiplier effect.

A2 Travel & Tourism (1 decks)

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