Tourism

Question 1

Define ‘tourists’.

Answer 1

Tourists are people who travel and stay away from their normal place of residence for more than 24 hours.

Question 2

Explain why tourist activities are different at different places.

Answer 2

1. Type of attractions offered.
2. Different environments : natural vs human landscape
3. Different opportunities : enjoy scenary; enjoy theme park rides etc.

Question 3

Describe the characteristics of honeypot tourism.

Answer 3

1. Found in places with scenic beauty, such as mountain regions, coastal resorts and national parks.
2. Attract large crowds.
3. Provide tourists with recreational activities.
4. Have infrastructure and facilities to meet the needs of tourists.

Question 4

Describe the characteristics of MICE tourism.

Answer 4

Take place in places with good facilities such as big event halls to host large-scale events.

Usually have supporting infrastructure and facilities such as hotels and retail to meet the needs of tourists.

Question 5

Describe the characteristics of medical tourism.

Answer 5

Presence of high quality medical facilities, which are generally more affordable.

Usually also in places with good infrastructure for the convenience of the tourists.

Question 6

Describe theme park tourism.

Answer 6

Theme parks are places with amusement park settings or have a central subject or theme.

Have activities catering to all ages.

Question 7

Describe the characteristics of heritage tourism.

Answer 7

Places which enable tourists to experience different cultures and understand the history of the place better.

Some places have unique cultures or physical / natural significance and have been labelled as UNESCO heritage sites, attracting even more tourists.

Question 8

Describe the characteristics of film-induced tourism.

Answer 8

Places which have been featured in films.

Tourists visit to understand how certain scenes were filmed and how these places inspired parts of the film.

Question 9

Describe pilgrimage tourism.

Answer 9

Places of significance to the religion.

Tourists travel there to take part in religious activities, especially during major religious holidays or events.

Question 10

Describe places of conflict.

Answer 10

Places where wars, battles, man-made tragedies and unfavourable political situations had taken place.

Question 11

Describe dark tourism.

Answer 11

Tourism to places associated with death and tragedy.

People who take part in dark tourism include survivors, relatives and friends of those affected, and people interested to know more about the event.

Include battlefields, fortifications, museums and memorials.

Question 12

Explain how governments promote tourism.

Answer 12

1. Influence the number of visitors, length of stay, authorise air landings and allow the building of tourism facilities.
2. Plan, fund and build infrastructure linked to tourism such as airports.
3. Set up agencies that devise strategies to promote tourism, and develop the tourism industry, facilitating investment by tourism-related business.

Question 13

Discuss the success and limitations of governments in promoting tourism.

Answer 13

Success: Influential because they have the money and power to create policies.

Limitation: Limited in their finances and resources as there might be other more urgent needs for the country to develop.

Question 14

Explain how the media plays a role in promoting tourism.

Answer 14

1. Positive media reports will encourage other tourists to visit a place.
2. Enabled increased awareness of tourist destinations that tourists previously might not have thought of.

Question 15

Discuss the success and limitation of the media in promoting tourism.

Answer 15

Success: Influential because many people can express their personal opinions and thus are not biased. Moreover, social media is so prominent in this time and age, making it easier to promote tourism.

Limitation: Negative reports will deter tourism rather than promoting them. The media’s influence is also limited by restrictions set by the government.

Question 16

Discuss how international organisations promote tourism.

Answer 16

International organisations include groups of people from different countries working together for a common purpose.

They prepare reports on different aspects of tourism, such as increasing tourism knowledge and tourism policies worldwide, encouraging tourism.

Question 17

Discuss the success and limitations of international organisations in promoting tourism.

Answer 17

Success: Influential as they have a global reach and are authorities in matters relating to tourism. Therefore, tourists will believe them.

Limitation: They are limited to the governments’ approval and participation.

Question 18

Describe the characteristics of ecotourism.

Answer 18

1. Minimise impact.
2. Build environmental and cultural awareness and respect
3. Raise sensitivity to host countries’ political, environmental and social climate.
4. provide positive experiences for both visitors and hosts.
5. Provides direct financial benefits for conservation.
6. Provides financial benefits and empowerment for local people.

Question 19

Explain how better and affordable transport has led to the grown of tourism.

Answer 19

Development of airplanes that can travel faster and further -> increase accessibility for tourists -> growth of tourism.

Development of budget airline -> increase affordability for tourists -> better able to travel, increasing tourism.

Question 20

Explain how e-services have led to the growth of tourism.

Answer 20

Development in technology -> development of e-services -> easier to make online bookings of tours and tickets -> increase ease of access encourage more tourists to travel -> increase tourism.

Question 21

Explain how ease of access to information have led to the growth of tourism.

Answer 21

Development in technology -> ease of access to information on the internet -> allow tourists to get whatever information they need before travelling -> ease of mind which encourages them to travel -> growth of tourism.

Development of technology -> easy access to information on social media -> increased awareness of tourists destinations -> entice tourists to visit them, leading to the growth of tourism.

Question 22

Explain how the increase in disposable income has led to the growth of tourism.

Answer 22

Increase disposable income -> better able to afford travel -> increase tourism.

Question 23

Explain how the increase in leisure time has led to the growth of tourism.

Answer 23

Increase leisure time in the form of paid leave -> people want to go out of their normal residence to explore -> increased tourism.

Question 24

Explain how changing lifestyle has led to the growth of tourism.

Answer 24

Stressful lifestyle -> people want to go out to relax and enjoy -> turn to travelling as a means of doing so -> increased tourism.

People are living longer. When they retire, they want to explore the world -> growth of tourism

Question 25

Explain how destination factors such as attractions have led to the growth of tourism.

Answer 25

Increased number of attractions in the world -> entice people to visit them -> increased tourism.

Question 26

Explain how investment in infrastructure and services by the respective countries have led to the growth of tourism.

Answer 26

Increased investment in infrastructure and services -> increase accessibility and convenience -> increase tourism.

Question 27

Explain how access to information within a country has led to the growth of tourism.

Answer 27

Increased access to information -> easy to obtain required information -> tourists feel at ease to visit the country -> increased tourism.

Question 28

Explain how disasters hider the growth of tourism.

Answer 28

Disasters cause great damage to properties, lead to injuries and cause great loss of lives -> tourists fear for their safety and thus will not travel to the place -> drop in tourism.

Disasters cause infrastructure to be destroyed -> tourists have no reason to visit the place -> drop in tourism.

Disasters discourage the citizens of the affected countries from travelling overseas as they will be occupied with rebuilding their lives or will have less income to travel -> drop in tourism.

Question 29

Explain how recessions lead to a drop in tourism.

Answer 29

Recession -> slowdown in economic activities -> loss of income or jobs -> people cut back on spending -> travel less.

Question 30

Explain how political situations lead to a drop in tourism.

Answer 30

Political situations are state of disagreements between groups of people, usually resulting in danger to tourists and locals -> tourists fear for their safety -> drop in tourism.

Question 31

Explain how diseases lead to a drop in tourism.

Answer 31

Sudden outbreak of diseases will deter tourists as they do not want to risk getting infected. Governments may also issue travel advisories for its people to avoid these places, resulting in a drop in tourism.