TORTS Flashcards

1
Q

NEGLIGENT INFLICTION OF EMOTIONAL DISTRESS

A

NEED PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS!

Near miss case

  • negligence by D
  • creates foreseeable risk of injury
  • P is in zone of danger
  • P must have PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS

Bystander claim

  • Negligence by D
  • P must have witnessed injury to a close family member (spouse, child parent)
  • P must have physical symptoms (vary by state)
  • P must be in the zone of danger

REQUIRES ACTUAL DAMAGES
EXCEPT FALSE REPORT OF DEATH MISHANDLING OF CORPSE - damages are presumed

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2
Q

INTENTIONAL INFLICTION OF EMOTIONAL DISTRESS

A

D acted intentionally/recklessly

D’s conduct was extreme and outrageous

D’s act caused extreme emotional distress (causation)

P actually suffered emotional distress

ONLY PSYCHIC MENTAL INJURY IS ENOUGH
(grief, embarrassment, upset, depression
Conduct shocks to conscience)

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3
Q

PRODUCTS LIABILITY - STRICT PRODUCTS LIABILITY

A

PLAINTIFF MUST SHOW

1. D is a commercial supplier (strict liability may ONLY be brought against commercial seller or distributor of goods; entity who is engaged in selling goods of that type)

  • casual sellers are NOT commercial suppliers.
  • Any commercial seller in the distribution chain is a commercial supplier

2. Product was defective when it left the hands of the manufacturer/seller

  • manufacturing defect - requires product is different from the intended design AND more dangerous than if made properly
    • food defect if reasonable consumer would not expect the food product to contain that ingredient
  • Design defect - way to build product that is safer, practical and similar cost. Trier of fact to balance
  • failure to warn - P was not warned of the risks re: use of the product; it was not obvious to an ordinary user but known to the manufacturer; warning is proportionate to the risk involved with normal use of the product

3. Product caused injuries to P when it was being used in an intended or unintended foreseeable way

4. Product was not altered when it reached the P

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4
Q

PRODUCTS LIABILITY - LIABILITY FOR NEGLIGENCE

A
  1. Duty was owed to the P
    - Product suppliers owe a duty to all foreseeable users of its products and MUST act as a reasonably prudent supplier of the same type of product
  2. There was breach of that duty
    * *-** breach will be found when supplier’s negligence results in the supply of a defective product
    - breach if defective condition unreasonably dangerous
  3. actual and proximate cause
    - liable for all foreseeable misuses of the product
    - misuse will only cut the chain if it was not foreseeable
  4. damages
    * *-** recovery for economic loss only is not allowed
    - damages for personal injuries and property damage my be recovered
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5
Q

INTERFERENCE WITH BUSINESS RELATIONS

A

To establish a prima facie case of interference with contract or economic advantage:

  • there must be valid contractual relationship between P and third party or future business relationship
  • D had knowledge of such relationship or expectancy
  • D intentionally interfered that induces a breach or termination of relationship or expectancy
  • it caused damages to P
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