Torticollis

Question 1

What is a sternomastoid tumor (pseudotumor)

Answer 1

Visible, sometimes palpable swelling in SCM
Painless hard mass (1-3 cm) (fibrotic tissues)

“Wry neck”

Question 2

What is the standard management for a child with congenital muscular torticollis

Answer 2

Parental physiotherapy 
Passive stretching (90% response rate)

Question 3

True or false; plagiocephaly and facial hypoplasia are both potential consequences for unmanaged torticollis

Answer 3

true; though they will begin to resolve as torticollis does (may take years after)

Question 4

What is the difference between nonsynostotic plagiocephaly and synostotic plagiocephaly

Which is MC

Answer 4

Nonsynostotic = positional head deformity

Synostotic = premature closure of lambdoidal sutures

Nonsynostotic is much MC - (1/60 v. 1/100,000)

Question 5

Differences between positional head deformity and craniosynostosis

Answer 5

PHD - ear on flat side more anterior, ipsilateral forehead protrudes, bald spot on side flattening

Craniosynostosis - palpable ridge, forehead does NOT protrude, no bald spot

Question 6

True or false; parents with children who have positional head deformity should try repositioning therapy as an initial treatment for infants

Answer 6

true

Question 7

When is a molding helmet recommended?

Answer 7

Severe deformity and patient between 4-12 months old

Question 8

What is the MC form of torticollis? What is it caused by?

Answer 8

Congenital muscular torticollis

MC birth trauma