Tort Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the four aims of tort law?

A
  1. Vindication (looks back to the wrong)
  2. Corrective justice (rights the wrong)
  3. Compensation (makes amends for the wrong)
  4. Deterrence (deters a similar wrong)
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2
Q

Donoghue v Stevenson

A

Neighbour principle, Duty of Care

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3
Q

Nettleship v Weston

A

Objective test for duty of care for road users

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4
Q

Bourhill v Young

A

Objective ordinary fortitude test

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5
Q

McLoughlin v O’Brian

A

Proximity in relationship, time and space tests for secondary victims (preceded Alcock)

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6
Q

Alcock v Chief Constable of South Yorkshire Police

A

Set out control mechanisms for pure psychiatric harm claims from secondary victims

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7
Q

Hicks v Chief Constable of South Yorkshire Police

A

Requirement of a recognised psychiatric condition to bring a claim in negligence

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8
Q

What are the control mechanisms for claims of pure psychiatric harm from secondary victims?

A
  1. Objective ordinary fortitude test
  2. Proximity in relationship
  3. Proximity in time and space
  4. Means by which shock is caused
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9
Q

S3 Road Traffic Act 1988

A

Driving without due care and attention

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10
Q

S41D Road Traffic Act 1988

A

Using a mobile phone whilst driving

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11
Q

S11 Civil Evidence Act 1968

A

Criminal conviction is strong evidence of defendant’s negligence

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12
Q

What is the test for breach of duty or care?

A

Objective from standpoint of reasonable person: what should have been the standard of care, and was it reached by the defendant?

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13
Q

What are the three aspects required for a successful claim in negligence?

A

Duty of care, breach of duty of care and causation

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14
Q

What are the two tests for causation?

A
  1. Causation in fact - But For test

2. Causation in law - was loss/damage attributable to the breach of duty

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15
Q

Nance v British Columbia Electric Railway Co

A

Two stage test for contributory negligence

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16
Q

What is the two stage test for contributory negligence?

A
  1. Whether the claimant failed to take reasonable steps to ensure their own safety
  2. Whether that failure contributed to the damage they suffered