Torque Converter Fundamentals and Service

Question 1

What are the 2 major functions of a torque converter

Answer 1

Torque multiplication

Fluid coupling

Question 2

Hydrostatics

Answer 2

Using fluids under pressure to achieve drive

Question 3

Hydrodynamics

Answer 3

Energy transfer through fluid motion

Commonly called fluid couplings

Question 4

Impeller

Answer 4

Also called pump

Is the drive portion of a TC

Question 5

Turbine

Answer 5

Output element

In normal TC connected to output shaft

Question 6

What 2 TC features help protect the driveline or trans

Answer 6

Shock absorption

Gradual start up of load

Question 7

Vortex flow

Answer 7

When oil is flowing back and fourth between impeller and turbine
Turbine is spinning slower
Creates high torque
Called converter phase

Question 8

Rotary flow

Answer 8

Occurs when oil flows same direction as impeller
Turbine and impeller spin about same speed
Lower torque
Called coupling phase

Question 9

Split guide ring

Answer 9

Prevent turbulence and helps direct vortex flow

Question 10

What are the 3 major components of a TC

Answer 10

Impeller
Turbine
Stator

Question 11

TC stator

Answer 11

Changes the direction of the oil coming back from turbine so that instead of it slowing impeller it come into impeller with momentum

Question 12

Stator can increase torque by how much

Answer 12

By a 2.00:1 to 3.00:1 ratio

Question 13

What are the 2 styles of stators

Answer 13

Fixed

Freewheeling

Question 14

Fixed type stator

Answer 14

Is attached to the converter housing stub shaft
Can never achieve rotary flow
Will be a single phase converter

Question 15

Freewheeling stator

Answer 15

Has an overrunning clutch
Used in a 2 or more phase converter
Will lock up when turbine speed is less then speed of impeller

Question 16

TC stage

Answer 16

Refers to the number of times oil strikes a set of turbine blades before returning to impeller

Question 17

Stall speed

Answer 17

When greatest speed difference between impeller and turbine is created, generates highest torque multiplication

Question 18

What are the functions of a torque divider

Answer 18

Provide automatic clutching
Multiply engine torque
absorb powertrain shock loads

Question 19

What type of stator is used in a torque divider

Answer 19

fixed

Question 20

Stall speed

Answer 20

Occurs when the turbine is stopped and the impeller is turning at rated engine speed (in TD turbine is going in reverse)

Question 21

High stall speed

Answer 21

Occurs when there is not enough load on engine

• Slipping clutch
• Cavitation in converter`

Question 22

Low stall speed

Answer 22

Engine speed is lower than specified

-Slipping stator

Question 23

The purpose of the stator is

Answer 23

Change direction of oil flow

Question 24

The purpose of the TC lock up clutch is

Answer 24

To increase efficiency