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Topik > Topik 문법 > Flashcards

Topik 문법 Flashcards

0
Q

-(으)ㄴ 채로

너무 피곤해서 웃을 입은 채로 잠이 들었습니다

A

Just as it is ( stands/ with no change/ original state)

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1
Q

-던 끝에

그 사람은 열심히 노력한 끝에 성공했습니다

A

The speaker remembers the clause and that it was a long and hard process

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2
Q

(으)ㄴ/는 김에

아침에 일찍 일어난 김에 운동을 하고 왔어요

A

While one is at it/ taking the opportunity

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3
Q

(으) ㄴ/는 대로 자마자

서면서에 나와 있는 대로해 보세요

A

As, like, just as, in accordance with

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4
Q

(으)ㄴ/는 대다가 을뿐만 아니라

Ex. 그 식당은 맛있는 대다가 값도 싸요.

A

In addition/ moreover/ besides/ on top of that

Used when subjects in the preceding clause and following clause are identical

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5
Q

(으) 는 반면에

새로 리사한집은 넓고 좋은 반면에 지하철역에서 좀 멀어요

A

The other hand/ the other side

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6
Q

(으) ㄴ/는 셈이다

이번 경기는 무승부였지만 경기 내용을 보면 우리 팀이 이긴 셈이에요.

A

If I consider it again/ it is like… In the end/ it can be said that

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7
Q

(으) ㄴ/는 착하다 는 체하다

학교에 가기 싫어서 아픈 쳐했어요

A

Pretend (to) / make a pretense of doing

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8
Q

(으) ㄴ/는 탓

그 친구가 늦은 탓에 모두 출발하지 뭇했어요

A

Because/ as

탓에 통에 는 바람에

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9
Q

는 바람에통에 탓에

바람이 부는 바람에 모자가 날아갔다

A

As a consequence/result of

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10
Q

ㄴ/는 편이다

저는 운동을 좋아하는 편이에요

A

I would say that it is

Judgement is made on the speakers personal criteria

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11
Q

(으) 듯(이) ‘처럼’

제 찬구가 화가았다는 듯이나를 째력봤어요.

A

Like/ as if/ as though

Used in idiomatic expressions and emphasizes their meaning

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12
Q

(으) 는 가하면

공연장에서 사람들이 춤을 추는가 하면 노래를 따라서 불렀어요

A

If you do

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13
Q

(으) 는 데도

시험이 쉬웠는데 도 학생들이 시험을 못봤어요

A

Though/ although

Regardless of the preceding clause, the following situation happens

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14
Q

는/은 데 도 불구하고

A

Used to emphasize the fact that the preceding action and the following action happen without affecting one another

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15
Q

(으) ㄴ 는지

시간이 어떻게 가는지 모르게 재미있었어요

A

I wonder( if, whether, how, what, when, who, where
Maybe it’s because
Can be followed by 알다, 모르다, 궁금하다, 생각하다, 걱정하다

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16
Q

(으)ㄹ 겹 겹 해서

친구들도 만날 겹 고향에 다녀오려고 해요.

A

And (also) in addition, as well, at the same time, concurrently

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17
Q

(으) ㅇ 리가없다

그 사람이 거짓말을 했을 리가 없어요

A

Speak from past experience that the content is clearly not true or that it cannot be believed
“There is no way”

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18
Q

(으)ㄹ 만하다

제주도에 정말 갈 만해요

A

Be sufficient/ be enough/ be worthy/ worth while to do

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19
Q

(으) ㄹ 뻔하다

아침에 회사에 오다가 사고가 날 뻔했어요

A

Something actually never happened even though it seemed as if it would

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20
Q

(으)ㄹ 뿐(만) 아니라

제 여자 친구는 예쁠 뿐 만 아니라 마음씨도 고 와요

A

(으)ㄹ 뿐더러
Addition to the fact stated in the preceding clause
There are additional facts in the following clause
+->+
- -> -

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21
Q

(으) ㄹ 수밖에 없다

조카가 울면 장난감을 사줄 수밖에 없어요

A

There is no other way but to do/ cannot help but do

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22
Q

(으) 테니까

날씨가 더울 테니까 시원한 옷을 입고 나가세요

A

As I think/ because I intend to

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23
Q

(으) 텐데

비가 올텐데 우산을 가져가지 그래요?

A

Supposed to

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24
Q

(으)ㄹ 걸 그랬다

다른 화사에 취직할 걸 그랬어요

A

I should have done/ I regret that I did not

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25
Q

(으)ㅇ 까 봐서

약속 시간에 늦을까 봐서 뚜어왔어요

A

I wonder
I’m afraid
For fear that

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26
Q

(으)ㄹ 지도 모르다

내일 산에 못 갈지도 몰라요

A

Maybe/ probably

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27
Q

(으) 려나 보다 = 나 봐요
을 것 같아요
을 듯하다
을 모양이다

A

It seems that. The future action that you assume someone is going to take/ assume will happen
From an indirect experience/ clue

*weaker than 것 같아요

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28
Q

려다가= 으려고 하다가

주말에 친구를 만나려다가 피곤해서 집에서 쉬었어요

A

Have a thought ( will, desire, intention) to do but give up and do something else

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29
Q

려 던 참이다

지금 저 도 막 나가려던 참이었어요

A

Be on the verge of doing something

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30
Q

로 인해(서)

지구 온난화로 인해 환경 문제가 발생하고 있습니다

A

Be caused by/ be a consequence of

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31
Q

(으) 면 안돼요?

내일 학교에 가면 안돼요?

A

You shouldn’t/ your not supposed to

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32
Q

든지= 거나

Ex. 문을 열었으면 들어오든지 나가든지하세요. 추워요.

A

Or/whether/whatever/ whenever/ however

Denotes that it does not matter what you do/ what it is

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33
Q

라도 = (이) 나마

출출한데 라면이라도 끓여 먹을까요?

A

Thought, however ever

(Thought not much satisfying, there is no room for an alternative choice

34
Q

-게 마련이다 = 기 마련이다= 는 법이다

Ex. 명절이 되면 누구나 고향에 들어가게 마련입니다

A

Be a matter of course, be no wonder

35
Q

-게 하다

Ex. 엄마가 아이에게 약을 먹게 했어요

A

Make someone do something

36
Q

고 나서 <>은 후에<> 은 다음에

저녁 먹고 나서 산책을 좀 할까 해요

A

After doing, do and then do

37
Q

기가 (어럽다, 힘들다, 불편하다)

판을 다쳐서 집 안일 하기가 너무 힘들어요

A

Easy to do/ difficult to do

38
Q

기 때문에

그 시험을 어렵기 때문에 힙격하는 사람이 많지 않아요

A

Because/ since

39
Q

기 마련이다

누구나 시험이 앞두고는 긴장하기 마련이지요

A

Be a matter of course

40
Q

그는 하지만

그 가게 웃은 품질이 좋기는 하지만 너무 비싸요

A

However

41
Q

기는 커녕=는 말할 것 도 없고

점심을 먹기커녕 아침도 못 먹었어요

A

Far from doing/ instead of something expected

Used in negative situations

42
Q

기에는 “길래”

게이크가 너무 예뻐서 먹기에는 아깝다는 생각 했어요

A

As, because
기에> writing
길래> speaking
Not used in imperatives/ prepositions

43
Q

길래

연락이 없길래 오늘 못 오는 줄 알았어요

A

As/ because

Used in speaking

44
Q

나 보다

민호 씨가 안 오는 걸 보니 많이 아픈 가 봐요

A

Seems that

Used for action verbs

45
Q

느리고> 기 위해서

Ex. 어젯밤에 영화를 보느라고 많이 아픈 가 봐요

A

What with (doing), as a result of doing or in order to do, for the purpose
Subjects must be identical
Not used for imperative/ propositive sentences

46
Q

는 게낫다

면접을 보러 갈 때에는 정장을 입는 가는게 나아요

A

Prefer/ it’s better

47
Q

는 대신에

치마를 입고 가는 대신에 바지를 입고 가는 게 어때요?

A

In exchange

48
Q

는 바람에> 는 통에> 는 탓에

Ex. 사고가 나는 바람에 약속 시간에 늦었어요

A

As a consequence/ as a result of

49
Q

는 수가 있다

자꾸 귀찮게하면 모임에 안 수가 있어요

A

Possibility to do

50
Q

는 축에 등다

저는 춤을 잘 추는 축에 들어요

A

Migrating language -> might be ( polite)

51
Q

는 편이다

저는 노래를 잘 부르는 편이에요

A

I would say that it is

Based on speakers personal criteria

52
Q

는 한

제가 곁에 있는 한 아무 일도 없을 거예요

A

So( as) far as, to the limit that, unless

53
Q

다 보니

한국에서 살다 보니 한국말을 잘하게 됐어요

A

(As) while (I ) continue (repeat) to do

While the action of the preceding clause repeats a new fact is recognized or a new circumstance

54
Q

다 보면

계속 한국에서 살다 보면 한국 생활에 익숙해질 거예요.

A

Like -다 보니 except it can be used as an expression in the past and in supposition
(다 보니 is always in the past)

Also can mean * if you continue to do this, this will occur

55
Q

다가

길을 걷다가 넘어져서 다칠 뻔했어요. 가다가 돌아왔어요. 먹다가 잤어요.

A

While/ as/ during

A certain action or situation stops abruptly and another action/ situation happens

56
Q

더니

열심히 송부하더니 정망 훌륭한 사람이 되었구나.

A

It used to be that/ now
As of now it has been observed that and then
Must be identical ( subject)

57
Q

더라

A

I remember and I will tell you that. Used to tell another person what the speaker has experienced

58
Q

다라도

A

Even if, even though, admitting that

59
Q

던

A

Past tense marker

60
Q

던가요

A

Did you notice that?

61
Q

단데

A

Used to recall a past event/ completed event

62
Q

도록 하 다 = 게 하다

수업 시간에는 조용히 하도록 하세요

A

Recommend/ make/ force someone to do

63
Q

마치

A

As though

64
Q

만 못하다

A

Worse not better than

65
Q

에 달려 있다

A

It depends on

66
Q

느니

A

Rather, sooner than

67
Q

고자

A

In order to, so as to, with the intention of

68
Q

거니와 = 뿐만아니라

A

Not only but also

69
Q

로 하여금

A

Someone forces, encourages, makes someone do something

70
Q

턱이 없다= 리가 없다= 만무하다

A

There is no possibility

71
Q

성싶다= 것 같아요,

A

It seems

72
Q

들

A

Granted, even though

Followed by rhetorical question

73
Q

댔자= 왔자= 는 다고해도

A

Even if you do something you won’t get the result you want

74
Q

다시피

A

다시피= as you can see

다시피 하다: practically, almost, nearly

75
Q

터라= 터에

A

Used to describe circumstances or a situation

The circumstances described in the first clause are the reason or cause of the action in the second clause

76
Q

에 따라(서)

A

Depending on

77
Q

에비하면

A

Compared to

78
Q

에의하면=에 따라서

A

Depending on

79
Q

여간= 지않다

A

Means very or no ordinarily

80
Q

(으) 로는

A

Through

81
Q

아나디름없다

A

Be no different from

82
Q

(이) 라든가

A

Used to list a number of things

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