Topics 5-8 Flashcards
Blair Seat Majority 1997, 2001, 2005
179 - 1997
167 - 2001
66 - 2005
House of Lords Act 1999
92 hereditary peers - originally wanted to remove all and make it elected
Scotland Act 1998
Created Scottish Parliament
Gave it legislative and tax varying powers
Control over public services
Scotland Act 2016
-Raise taxes and to set income tax rates (3%) and bands
-Right to 50% of VAT raised in Scotland
-Control over key welfare benefits e.g. Disability living allowance
-Franchises for Scottish Parliament Elections (votes for 16/17s)
-Sewel Convention enshrined into law - westminster must ask Holyrood for permission if legislating on a devolved matter
Scotland Act 2012
Varying income tax rate up to 10p
Could borrow £5 billion
Controls of Scottish Parliament
Health and Social Policy - NHS free subscription, Minimum pricing on alcohol, abortion law
Education - No Uni fees, school system is different
Devolution in London
Power over policing, transport and economic development
Political figures
Sadiq Khan current mayor - ULEZ
Wales Act 2017
Welsh assembly given tax varying powers
- collects 10% of income taxes and can vary bands by 10%
Control over local elections and assembly
Rail franchising and speed limits
PR Voting System
Welsh controls
Tax - control of 10p of income tax
Health - NHS (No prescription charges)
Education - Welsh compulsory to 16, no exams Summer 2021
Northern Ireland: Good Friday Agreement -1998
Created NI Assembly and Executive
Established power sharing between unionists and nationalists
Has its own political parties
-Stopped functioning in 2017 - couldn’t come to a power sharing agreement, didn’t restart till 2020 - ruled by Westminster for 3 years
Northern Ireland Controls
Primary legislative controls for areas not in Westminster
Tax - Corporation Tax
Social - Same sex marriage legalised between 2017-2020 and abortion laws liberalised
Human Rights Act - 1998
Incorporated ECHR into UK Law but allows for executive derogation (Article 5), could only declare incompatibility - couldn’t strike down.
Constitutional Reform Act - 2005
Separation of powers
Supreme Court created
Independent Appointments Commission created
Freedom of Information Act - 2000
Anyone can access documents within proper reason
Anti Terrorism Crime and Security Act - 2001
For suspects: allowed indefinite detention without trial of foreign nationals if they couldn’t be deported
Amendedment 2005: Increased period suspects could be held without charge from 14-28 days
Prevention of Terrorism Act - 2005
Prevent terrorism irrespective of nationality
Replaced indefinite detention with control orders
Select Committes: Health and Social Care Committee example
Made reports on governments response to Covid
Select Committee Recommendation Acceptance rate
40%
Back Bench Business Committee Setup
2010
Crossparty Select Committee ignore rate
60%
Boris + Blair Government Seat Majority
80 + 179 Seat majority
HOL objections - Marriage Act 2013
Lords Spirituals (Bishops) interventions: offered religious objections to proposals
Parliamentary Privilege - Bob Seely 2022
Russian invasion of Ukraine, British lawyers were supporting Russian oligarchs to fight legal battles against Western Sanctions
Backbenchers - Time spent in Chamber 2006-2022
24%
Bill rejection increase stats
Blair - 4 times
Cameron - 7 times in coalition
Cameron - 3 times
Theresa May - 33 times
May - Brexit Withdrawal Agreement: Loss Statistics
432-202 : 118 Tories voted against
Rebellion Increase from 2005-2010 - 2010-2015
28-35%
Urgent questions increase per sitting day
0.2 - 2013/14
0.9 - 2017/19