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Politics paper 2 > Topics 5-8 > Flashcards

Topics 5-8 Flashcards

1
Q

Blair Seat Majority 1997, 2001, 2005

A

179 - 1997
167 - 2001
66 - 2005

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2
Q

House of Lords Act 1999

A

92 hereditary peers - originally wanted to remove all and make it elected

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3
Q

Scotland Act 1998

A

Created Scottish Parliament
Gave it legislative and tax varying powers
Control over public services

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4
Q

Scotland Act 2016

A

-Raise taxes and to set income tax rates (3%) and bands
-Right to 50% of VAT raised in Scotland
-Control over key welfare benefits e.g. Disability living allowance
-Franchises for Scottish Parliament Elections (votes for 16/17s)
-Sewel Convention enshrined into law - westminster must ask Holyrood for permission if legislating on a devolved matter

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5
Q

Scotland Act 2012

A

Varying income tax rate up to 10p
Could borrow £5 billion

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6
Q

Controls of Scottish Parliament

A

Health and Social Policy - NHS free subscription, Minimum pricing on alcohol, abortion law
Education - No Uni fees, school system is different

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7
Q

Devolution in London

A

Power over policing, transport and economic development
Political figures
Sadiq Khan current mayor - ULEZ

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8
Q

Wales Act 2017

A

Welsh assembly given tax varying powers
- collects 10% of income taxes and can vary bands by 10%
Control over local elections and assembly
Rail franchising and speed limits
PR Voting System

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9
Q

Welsh controls

A

Tax - control of 10p of income tax
Health - NHS (No prescription charges)
Education - Welsh compulsory to 16, no exams Summer 2021

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10
Q

Northern Ireland: Good Friday Agreement -1998

A

Created NI Assembly and Executive
Established power sharing between unionists and nationalists
Has its own political parties

-Stopped functioning in 2017 - couldn’t come to a power sharing agreement, didn’t restart till 2020 - ruled by Westminster for 3 years

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11
Q

Northern Ireland Controls

A

Primary legislative controls for areas not in Westminster
Tax - Corporation Tax
Social - Same sex marriage legalised between 2017-2020 and abortion laws liberalised

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12
Q

Human Rights Act - 1998

A

Incorporated ECHR into UK Law but allows for executive derogation (Article 5), could only declare incompatibility - couldn’t strike down.

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13
Q

Constitutional Reform Act - 2005

A

Separation of powers
Supreme Court created
Independent Appointments Commission created

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14
Q

Freedom of Information Act - 2000

A

Anyone can access documents within proper reason

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15
Q

Anti Terrorism Crime and Security Act - 2001

A

For suspects: allowed indefinite detention without trial of foreign nationals if they couldn’t be deported
Amendedment 2005: Increased period suspects could be held without charge from 14-28 days

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16
Q

Prevention of Terrorism Act - 2005

A

Prevent terrorism irrespective of nationality
Replaced indefinite detention with control orders

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17
Q

Select Committes: Health and Social Care Committee example

A

Made reports on governments response to Covid

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18
Q

Select Committee Recommendation Acceptance rate

A

40%

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19
Q

Back Bench Business Committee Setup

A

2010

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20
Q

Crossparty Select Committee ignore rate

A

60%

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21
Q

Boris + Blair Government Seat Majority

A

80 + 179 Seat majority

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22
Q

HOL objections - Marriage Act 2013

A

Lords Spirituals (Bishops) interventions: offered religious objections to proposals

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23
Q

Parliamentary Privilege - Bob Seely 2022

A

Russian invasion of Ukraine, British lawyers were supporting Russian oligarchs to fight legal battles against Western Sanctions

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24
Q

Backbenchers - Time spent in Chamber 2006-2022

A

24%

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25
Q

Bill rejection increase stats

A

Blair - 4 times
Cameron - 7 times in coalition
Cameron - 3 times
Theresa May - 33 times

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26
Q

May - Brexit Withdrawal Agreement: Loss Statistics

A

432-202 : 118 Tories voted against

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27
Q

Rebellion Increase from 2005-2010 - 2010-2015

A

28-35%

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28
Q

Urgent questions increase per sitting day

A

0.2 - 2013/14
0.9 - 2017/19

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29
Q

Boris 1 Line Bill Election

A

Overrode fixed term parliament act to call election

30
Q

Corona Virus Act - Government Power

A

Gave government power to pass secondary legislation to deal with Covid

31
Q

May NHS Budget Plan

A

Increase NHS budget by £20.5 billion a year by 2023

32
Q

May Ministerial Resignation Numbers

A

38

33
Q

2021 Welsh General Election Turnout

A

46.6%

34
Q

Good Friday Agreement Stats

A

71.1% For / 81% Turnout

35
Q

Population of England that has had a Metro Mayor

A

41% (9 total)

36
Q

Metro Mayor Election Turnouts

A

28% - 2017
34% - 2021

37
Q

Brexit Stats

A

52% Leave
72% Turnout

38
Q

Scotland Brexit Remain Stat

A

62%

39
Q

Wales Green investment Plan 2021

A

£1.8 Billion to be committed over 3 years

40
Q

Cabinet Experience - Jeremy Hunt

A

Served for 9 years since 2010, was elected by Truss and Sunak as Chancellor

41
Q

Cabinet Experience - Ben Wallace

A

Secretary of State for Defence under Johnson - experience as soldier

42
Q

Cabinet Experience - Truss (Bad)

A

Appointed Kwasi Kwarteng and James Cleverley - both had limited experience in Government
-Kwasi made chancellor despite having served less than 2 years in cabinet

43
Q

Loyalty - Boris & Julian Smith

A

Bojo sacked Julian Smith (NI Sec) and replaced him with Brandon Smith
-Julian spoke out against a no deal Brexit
-Julian was very effective NI sec whom restored the NI Assembly and was well liked

44
Q

Mixed Cabinet - May

A

Cabinet balance:
Brexiteers (Bojo, David Davis)
Remainers (Philip Hammond and Jeremy Hunt)

45
Q

Mixed Cabinet - Bojo

A

Appointed significant number of Brexiters and allies to his first cabinet
Priti Patel (Home Sec), Dominic Raab (Foreign Sec) both being Brexiters

46
Q

Diversity - Blair

A

Margaret Becket - first female foreign Sec
‘Blairs Babes’

47
Q

Diversity - Conservatives

A

A list Nus Ghani for Wealden

48
Q

Diversity - Brown

A

Jacqui Smith first female Home Sec

49
Q

Diversity - Against

A

1997 more MPs in Parliament called ‘John’ than Women
1979 - 7 female MPs total
Coalition - 4 females in 1st cabinet

50
Q

Executive being held to account - Thatcher

A

1990 Former ally Geoffry Howe resigned which created leadership challenge which brought her down

51
Q

Executive being held to account - May

A

Failed to effectively manage her cabinet and was constantly underminded by leaking and briefing against the government, esp Bojo.
Number of Urgent Questions increased - 0.9 2017/19 from 0.2 in 2013/14

52
Q

Cabinet in Decision Making - No

A

-Blair - Sofa Government
-Coalition - Quad
-Liz Truss and Kwasi Kwarteng developed economic policy with little input from the cabinet - some spoke out against government

53
Q

Cabinet in Decision Making - Yes

A

May and Bojo used Cabinet committees
-E.g. exiting the EU to make important decisions on brexit
-E.g. Boris used the Covid 19 strategy commmitte to make key decisions on restrictions - Matt Hancock, Michael Gove

54
Q

Scotland Independence Improvement Turnout

A

2003: 50%
2021: 64%

55
Q

How are S.C Justices Chosen

A

5 Member Selection Committee

56
Q

S.C - Unrepresentative

A

12/12 White
11/12 Male
11/12 Went Oxford
12/12 Over 60

57
Q

S.C. 3 Key Attributes

A

Neutrality
Indepdence
Review

58
Q

S.C - Brexit Questioning over Judicial Neutrality

A

After ruling Parliament was needed to trigger Article 50, Daily Mail ran headline ‘enemies of the people’ suggesting they were defying 17.4m Brexit voters

Accused of being Arch-Remainers after ruling against Boris’ proroging of Parliament

59
Q

S.C 2019 Prorogation Case

A

Boris temporarily suspended Parliament
S.C Ruled unanimously it was unlawful, reversing decision
Shows SC was able to check the power of government

60
Q

S.C 2016 Article 50 Case

A

Gina Miller argued gov couldn’t give notice of britains intention to leave the EU without getting parliaments approval, gov disagreed but the S.C ruled against the gov and that parliament should therefore give its consent
-shows S.C can uphold parliamentary sovereignty

61
Q

2022 Second Referendum on Scottish Independence Case

A

Uncodified makes it unclear who can legislate for an independence referendum
Scottish Parliament argued it could legislate an indy ref for itself under the Scotland Act 1998, arguing the power wasn’t reserved for government
S.C ruled that the Scotland act doesn’t give scottish parliament power to unilaterally legislate for indy ref instead its reserved for uk parliament

62
Q

2014 HS2 Action Alliance Case

A

Environmental campaigners sought a judicial review on whether the government’s HS2 plans complied with Eu environmental directives
Court dismissed the appeal, ruling the scheme remain open to debate until parliament reached a decision on it
Shows they dont want to expand their own power

63
Q

2015 Black Spider Menos Case

A

Rob Evans asked parlaiment to release letters by the then Prince Charles to government ministers - obliged to under freedom of information act
Government resisted, arguing they were sensitive
S.C Ruled in favour of Rob Evans

64
Q

Parliamentary privilege: Ryan Giggs

A

Ryan Giggs 2011 Named by John Hemming about an affair he was having and he received a gagging order

65
Q

Sport and Media select committee example

A

Investiation into press standards 2009-10 and phone hacking 2011-12, held a number of high profile interviews
discoveries led on to the leveson inquiry and some police investigation

66
Q

Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy Select Committee example

A

2016 was highly critical of Sir Philip Green and said he had to solve the problems with the BHS pension scheme

67
Q

Ministerial Question Time number of written questions

A

2015 - 35000 written q’s and 3600 oral q’s

68
Q

Salisbury convention 1945

A

Lord s can’t block legislation in manifesto

69
Q

Parliament Act 1911

A

Lords can only delay legislation that comes to it for 2 years, 3 times

70
Q

Andrew Bridgen Covid Example

A

Tried to hold ministers to account over covid vaccine and was ignored by public and press - Ministers walked out

71
Q

Hilary Benn Syria example

A

intervened on debate on Syria, made case for air power to be used and swung chamber - air power used
Backbencher successful

Politics paper 2 (2 decks)

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