Topic V: cell structure Flashcards
list the two examples of prokaryotic cells
bacteria and archaea
Do prokaryotic cells have a nucleus?
no
what do prokaryotes have instead of a nucleus? (what’s the special feature of this alternative)
a nucleoid
the DNA is unbound/its one circular strand
where are the ribosomes located? of the prokaryote
the cytosol (“ribo”-“cyto”)
what’s a unique feature of the cell wall (plasma membrane) of the prokaryote?
it can decide what comes in and out, selectively permeable
Are Eukaryotic cells usually larger or smaller than prokaryotes?
Larger (think Eu when thinking of eukaryotes, England was the superpower for a bit so they’re hella strong, so big)
what do prokaryotic cells divide by, what method?
Binary fission
where is DNA located in Eukaryotic cells? what shape is the DNA?
the nucleus, linear chromosomes
give examples of Eukaryotic cells
mitochondria/chloroplasts
do all Eukaryotic cells have cell walls
not all
do Eukaryotic cells divide by mitosis, if not, what process.
no, binary fission
list the laws of cell theory
1) all life is made from cells
2) all cells have 4 common features
3) all cells have common evolutionary ancestors
what are the shared features of all cells?
-plasma membranes(phospholipid bi-layer)
-cytosol/cytoplasm (semi-fluid substance)
-chromosomes (carry genes) made of DNA
-ribosomes- make polypeptides, made of RNA
the surrounding membrane of a eukaryotic cell is also reffered to as a nuclear envelope, what is inside it?
DNA organized in linear chromosomes
what is the product of DNA and proteins?
chromatin
