Topic Two: Endocrine Function - Pancreas Dysfunction Flashcards
1
Q
Where is insulin produced?
A
B cells of the pancreatic islets (Islets of Langerhans)
2
Q
When is insulin secreted?
A
Secreted in response to elevated blood glucose (e.g. after a meal)
3
Q
What does insulin do?
A
Promotes glucose uptake by target cells:
- Glucose storage as glycogen (in liver and skeletal muscle)
- Prevents fat and glycogen breakdown
- Inhibits gluconeogenesis
- Increases protein synthesis
4
Q
Where is glucagon produced?
A
By the alpha cells in the pancreatic islets
5
Q
What does glucagon do?
A
Maintains blood glucose between meals and during fasting by facilitating glycogenolysis
6
Q
When is glucagon released?
A
When blood glucose levels (BGL) are low, high blood levels of amino acids or strenuous exercise
