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PHIL102 (UNE) > Topic One - Argument Analysis > Flashcards

Topic One - Argument Analysis Flashcards

1
Q

What is logic?

A

The study of arguments and inference.

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2
Q

What is the study of arguments and inferences?

A

Logic

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3
Q

What is an argument?

A

A collection of propositions, some of which are intended to provide support to the others.

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4
Q

What is a collection of propositions, some of which are intended to provide support to the others?

A

An argument

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5
Q

What is ‘xor’?

A

Exclusive ‘or’.

A xor B means “A or B but not both”.

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6
Q

Name for term meaning ‘Exclusive or’?

A

Xor

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7
Q

What is an inference?

A

The process of reasoning in which a new belief is formed on the basis of evidence supposedly provided by other beliefs.

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8
Q

What is the process of reasoning in which a new belief is formed on the basis of evidence supposedly provided by other beliefs?

A

An inference

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9
Q

What is a proposition?

A

A truth-apt (truth-carrying) statement, either true xor false, that is a premise or conclusion in an argument.

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10
Q

What is a truth-apt (truth-carrying) statement, either true xor false, that is a premise or conclusion in an argument?

A

A proposition

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11
Q

What is a premise?

A

A proposition that intends to support another proposition.

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12
Q

What is a proposition that intends to support another proposition?

A

A premise

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13
Q

What is a conclusion?

A

A proposition for which a premise(s) intends to support.

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14
Q

What is a proposition for which a premise(s) intends to support?

A

A conclusion

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15
Q

What is the name of this argument and is it deductively valid?

If P then Q
P
Therefore Q

A
  1. Modus Ponens
    or
    Affirming the antecedent
  2. Yes, deductively valid
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16
Q

What is the form of this argument, and is it deductively valid?

Modus Ponens / Affirming the antecedent

A
  1. If P then Q
    P
    Therefore Q
  2. Yes, deductively valid
17
Q

What is the name of the argument depicted by this argument, and is it deductively valid?

  1. If one human is made of mud, then every human is made of mud
  2. One human is made of mud
  3. Every human is made of mud
A
  1. Modus Ponens or Affirming the antecedent

2. Yes, deductively valid

18
Q

What is the name of this argument and is it deductively valid?

If P then Q
Not Q
Therefore not P

A
  1. Modus Tollens or Denying the Consequent

2. Yes, deductively valid

19
Q

What is the form of this argument, and is it deductively valid?

Modus Tollens / Denying the Consequent

A
  1. If P then Q
    Not Q
    Therefore not P
  2. Yes, deductively valid
20
Q

What is the name of the argument depicted by this argument and is it deductively valid?

  1. If the soul is immortal, then thinking does not depend on brain activity.
  2. Thinking does depend on brain activity.
  3. Therefore, the soul is not immortal.
A
  1. Modus Tollens or Denying the Consequent

2. Yes, deductively valid

21
Q

What is the name of this argument and is it deductively valid?

If P then Q
If Q then R
Therefore if P then R

A
  1. Hypothetical syllogism

2. Yes, deductively valid

22
Q

What is the form of this argument, and is it deductively valid?

Hypothetical syllogism

A
  1. If P then Q
    If Q then R
    Therefore, if P then R
  2. Yes, deductively valid
23
Q

What is the name of the argument depicted by this argument and is it deductively valid?

  1. If the hallway floor creaks, there is someone in the hallway
  2. If there’s someone in the hallway, then there’s a burglar in the house
  3. Therefore, if the hallway floor creaks, there’s a burglar in the house.
A
  1. Hypothetical syllogism

2. Yes, deductively valid

24
Q

What is the name of this argument and is it deductively valid?

If P then Q
Not P
Therefore not Q

A
  1. Denying the antecedent

2. No - it is deductively invalid

25
Q

What is the form of this argument, and is it deductively valid?

Denying the antecedent

A
  1. If P then Q
    Not P
    Therefore not Q
  2. No - it is deductively invalid
26
Q

What is the name of the argument depicted by this argument and is it deductively valid?

  1. If Joe is a bachelor, then Joe is a male
  2. Joe is not a bachelor
  3. Therefore, Joe is not a male
A
  1. Denying the antecedent

2. No - it is deductively invalid

27
Q

What is the name of this argument and is it deductively valid?

If P then Q
Q
Therefore P

A
  1. Affirming the consequent

2. No - it is deductively invalid

28
Q

What is the form of this argument and is it deductively valid?

Affirming the consequent

A
  1. If P then Q
    Q
    Therefore P
  2. No - it is deductively invalid
29
Q

What is the name of the argument depicted by this argument and is it deductively valid?

  1. If Gosnells is the capital of WA, then Gosnells is in WA
  2. Gosnells is in WA
  3. Therefore, Gosnells is the capital of WA
A
  1. Affirming the consequent

2. No - it is deductively invalid

PHIL102 (UNE) (1 decks)

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