Topic Four: Medicine in modern Britain, 1900-Present Flashcards
When was life expectancy still below 50 years of age?
1900
When was the National Insurance Bill introduced and what did it mean?
1911 – gave help if workers were sick or unemployed
Between what years did WW1 lead to developments in surgery and treatment?
1914-1918
When did Fleming discover Penicillin?
1928
When did Florey and Chain develop the use of penicillin
1938
When does the NHS begin following the Beveridge report?(1942)
1948
Crick and Watson discovered the structure of DNA in what year?
1953
War
World War One and World War Two forced developments in treatment and surgery – e.g. plastic surgery and the use of antibiotics in WW2.
Technology
huge improvements in technology greatly improved the understanding and treatment of disease – e.g. X-ray, DNA, Pacemakers, dialysis and keyhole surgery
National Health Service
- After WW2, the government introduced the NHS in 1948. This offered free healthcare at the point of delivery. The expansion of who could vote and the shared experience of suffering in WW2 bought about this development.
X-Ray
Technology using particular light rays . Used in WW1 to locate bullets in the body.
Transplant
When a faulty or damaged organ (e.g. liver) is swapped with a healthy one through surgery
Radiotheraphy /Chemotherapy
Treatment of a disease, such as cancer, by the use of chemicals
Superbugs
Bacteria that are not affected/destroyed by antibiotics or cleaning
Gene therapy
Medical treatment using normal genes to replace defective ones.
Dialysis
Technology that replicates the function of the kidneys
Polio
A contagious disease that can cause paralysis and death
Penicillin
The first antibiotic drug produced from the mould of penicillin to treat infections
Pacemaker
Implanted technology that regulates heartbeat
Antibiotics
A drug made from bacteria that kill other bacteria and so cure an infection or illness
Magic bullets
A chemical that kills a particular bacteria and nothing else
Electron microscope
Developed 1931. Allows doctors to see cells in fine detail.
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that genes are made of
Cancer
A group of related diseases. Cells divide and spread into the surrounding tissue.
