Topic D: Models of Bonding and Structure - Metallic

Question 1

Definition of a metallic bond

Answer 1

Electrostatic attraction between a lattice of positive ions and delocalised electrons

Question 2

How does a metallic bond work

Answer 2

The metallic lattice is considered as a regular array of positive ions. These positive ions are fixed in position in a mobile ‘sea of electrons’

Valence electrons can move freely throughout the lattice and attract the positive ions electrostatically, thus holding the lattice together

Question 3

What causes the strength of a metallic bond to increase

Answer 3

Increase in the charge of the ions
Decrease in the radius of the metal ion

Question 4

Why do metals have good electrical conductivity

Answer 4

Delocalised electrons are highly mobile and can move through the metal structure, thus carrying a charge

Question 5

Why do metals have good thermal conductivity

Answer 5

Delocalised electrons and closely packed ions enable efficient transfer of energy

Question 6

Why are metals malleable and ductile

Answer 6

The movement of delocalised electrons is non-directional and essentially random through the cation lattice.

The metallic bond remains intact while conformation changes under pressure