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AQA GCSE Chemistry (combined) > Topic C4 - Chemical Changes > Flashcards

Topic C4 - Chemical Changes Flashcards

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1
Q

What ions do acids form in water

A

H+ ions

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2
Q

What ions do alkalis form in water?

A

OH- ions

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3
Q

What two ways can you measure pH

A

Universal indicator
pH PROBE

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4
Q

What is the equation for a neutralisation reaction?

A

Acid +base -> salt + water

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5
Q

What are the products of
acid + metal carbonate

A

Salt + water + co2

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6
Q

What are the products of
Acid + metal oxide

A

Salt and water

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7
Q

What are the products of acid + metal hydroxide?

A

Salt and water

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8
Q

How are soluble salts made?

A

By adding metals or insoluble metal compounds to acids. The excess solid is filtered off and the remaining salt solution is crystalised

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9
Q

What is a STRONG acid?

A

And acid that CONPLETELY ionises (dissociates) in water to produce hydrogen ions

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10
Q

What is a WEAK acid?

A

An acid that PARTIALLY ionises (dissociates) in water to produce hydrogen ions?

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11
Q

Examples of STRONG ACIDS

A

Hydrochloric acid
Sulfuric acid
Nitric acid

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12
Q

Examples of WEAK ACIDS

A

Ethanoic acid
Citric acic
Carbonic acid

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13
Q

What is acid strength

A

The proportion of acid molecules that ionise in water

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14
Q

What is acid concentration

A

The number of acid molecules in a certain volume of water

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15
Q

What happens to the pH as the strength of the acid increases

A

It decreases

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16
Q

What is pH

A

Measure of concentration of H+ ions

17
Q

What are the first 5 metals in the reactivity series?

A

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium

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18
Q

How are the first 5 metals in the reactivity series extracted

A

Extracted from molten compounds using electrolysis

19
Q

What are the bottom 5 metals in the reactivity series?

A

Carbon
Zinc
Iron
Hydrogen
Copper

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20
Q

How are the bottom 5 metals extracted

A

From their oxides using reduction from carbon

21
Q

What is a DISPLACEMENT REACTION

A

When a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its compound

22
Q

What is OXIDATION

A

Gain of oxygen
Loss of electrons

23
Q

What is REDUCTION

A

Gain of electrons
Loss of oxygen

24
Q

What is a REDOX REACTION

A

Where one substance in a reaction is reduced and another is oxidised

25
Q

Give an example of redox reactions

A

Metal-acid reactions

26
Q

What are Ionic Equations?

A

Equations that only show the particles that react and the products they form

27
Q

What is an electrolyte?

A

A liquid or solution that can conduct electricity because ions are free to move

28
Q

Which is the negative electrode

A

Cathode

29
Q

Which is the positive electrode

A

Anode

AQA GCSE Chemistry (combined) (10 decks)

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