TOPIC C2 - BONDING, STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF MATTER Flashcards
When are ions made?
when electrons are transferred
What are atoms trying to form when they lose or gain electrons to form ions?
achieve a full outer shell/stable electronic structure like a noble gas
Atoms with full outer shells are stable
what group are noble gases on the periodic table?
group 0
what happens when metals form ions?
they lose electrons from their outer shell to form positive ions
what happens when non-metals form ions?
they gain electrons into their outer shell to form negative ions
what are the electrons lost or gained the same as?
the charge on the ion
eg if 2 electrons are lost the charge is 2+
if 3 electrons are gained charge is 3-
what groups are most likely to form ions?
1, 2, 6, 7
what are group 1 and 2 elements?
do they lose or gain electrons?
metals
lose electrons to form positive ions
what are group 6 and 7 elements?
do they lose or gain electrons?
non-metals
gain electrons to form negative ions
why do simple ions often have noble gas electronic structure?
noble gas electronic structures have a full outer shell which is a stable structure
what charge do group 1 elements form?
1+ ions
what charge do group 2 elements form?
2+ ions
what charge do group 6 elements form?
2- ions
what charge do group 7 elements form?
1- ions
What is ionic bonding?
transfer of electrons when a non-metal and a metal react together
