Topic C - Aggression (Key Words)

Question 1

Amygdala

Answer 1

A brain structure thought to be involved in aggression.

Question 2

Limbic System

Answer 2

An area of the brain involved in emotion.

Question 3

Hormones

Answer 3

Chemicals produced by the human body that send signals to organs around the body via the bloodstream.

Question 4

Observational Learning

Answer 4

The process of learning from watching others.

Question 5

Modelling

Answer 5

Observing, identifying with and copying the behaviour of a role model.

Question 6

Role Model

Answer 6

A person who is looked up to and copied.

Question 7

Identification

Answer 7

A feeling of similarity with a role model that leads to the imitation of their behaviour - we believe we can be like them.

Question 8

Vicarious Reinforcement

Answer 8

Learning through the positive consequences of other people’s actions rather than firsthand - we are more likely to copy if they are rewarded.

Question 9

Nature

Answer 9

What we are born with.

Question 10

Nurture

Answer 10

What we learn from the way we are raised.

Question 11

Content Analysis

Answer 11

A research method used to measure the number of times something comes up in a book, newspaper article, etc.

Question 12

Tally

Answer 12

A single mark on a chart to show that a behaviour/category has been found during a content analysis.

Question 13

Unrepresentative

Answer 13

Limited so that it might not apply to everyone.

Question 14

Reliability

Answer 14

Refers to whether findings from a study would be found again if the study was repeated.

Question 15

Consent

Answer 15

Permission to take part in a study.

Question 16

Right to withdraw

Answer 16

A participant’s right to leave a study at any time and their ability to do so.

Question 17

Deception

Answer 17

Being lied to.

Question 18

Debrief

Answer 18

Being told the truth about a study when it is over.

Question 19

Competence

Answer 19

A psychologist’s capability to conduct a study.

Question 20

Protection of participants

Answer 20

Looking after the rights and welfare of participants to ensure no physical or psychological damage.

Question 21

Natural experiment

Answer 21

An experiment where the independent variable is naturally occurring and not set up by the researchers.

Question 22

Empathetic listening

Answer 22

A way of listening to another person so that there is real understanding. It also involves responding in a way that shows you have listened.

Question 23

Watershed

Answer 23

Term used to indicate a turning point. When applied to TV programming it is the 9 p.m. deadline before which programmes (including cable and satellite programmes) that contain certain levels of violence and/or sex CANNOT be broadcast.

Question 24

Censorship

Answer 24

Preventing information from being circulated in some way.

Question 25

Moral censorship

Answer 25

Deciding what material is suitable for broadcasting or publishing and what material is not considered moral or suitable.

Question 26

Authoritarian

Answer 26

A style of government where society’s members have little input and have to accept the government’s decisions.

Question 27

Paternalistic

Answer 27

A style of government where its decisions are made for the good of everybody else. This rests on the idea of the head of the household knowing what is best for everybody else in the household.