Topic 8B - Producing Drugs Using GMOs

Question 1

What does GMO stand for?

Answer 1

Genetically Modified Animals.

Question 2

What is Transvection?

Answer 2

When you move a piece of DNA from one organism to another.

Question 3

What are GMOs?

Answer 3

Organisms that have had their DNA altered.

Question 4

Describe the process for genetically modifying microorganisms to produce drugs (6)

Answer 4

1) Desired gene isolated using restriction enzymes
2) Gene copied using PCR
3) Copies inserted into plasmids
4) Plasmids transferred to microorg.
5) Modified microorg. allowed to divide to produce useful protein
6) Protein purified and used as drug

Question 5

What are restriction enzymes and how are they used in GMO?

Answer 5

• Cuts DNA at specific sequence of DNA

- Allows us to isolate desire gene for protein

Question 6

Can you produce any drug from GMO

Answer 6

No, only drugs that are proteins

Question 7

Give examples of GMO being used to produce drugs

Answer 7

• Using GM bacteria to produce insulin and human blood clotting factors

Question 8

Describe the process for genetically modifying plants to produce drugs (5)

Answer 8

• Gene inserted to bacterium
• Bacteria infects plant cell
• Bacterium inserts gene into plant cell DNA - plants cell now GM
• plant cell grown into adult plant - whole plant has copy of gene in every cell
• Protein purified from plant tissue or eat plants.

Question 9

State examples of using GM plants

Answer 9

• for human insulin production

- used to produce cholera vaccine

Question 10

Describe the process for genetically modifying animals to produce drugs (5)

Answer 10

-Gen…