Topic 8B: Genome Project Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a genome?

A

Entire set of DNA, including genes in an organism

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2
Q

Genome sequences only work on…

A

fragments of DNA

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3
Q

How do you sequence the entire genome of an organism?

A
  • You chop it up into smaller pieces
  • smaller pieces are sequenced
  • then they are put back in order
  • gives you the sequence of the whole genome
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4
Q

What is the Human Genome Project?

A

Mapped the entire sequence of the human genome for the first time.

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5
Q

What is a proteome?

A

All the proteins made by it

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6
Q

Why is bacteria relatively easy to determine its proteome from DNA sequence for its genome?

A

because bacteria doesn’t have much non-coding DNA (introns)

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7
Q

Where is sequencing genome useful?

A

In medical research and development.
For example identifying the protein antigens on the surface of disease-causing bacteria and viruses can help in the development of vaccines to prevent the disease.

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8
Q

Why is it harder to translate genomes in complex organisms?

A
  • contain large sections of non-coding DNA
  • contain complex regulatory genes
  • hard to find the bits that code for proteins among these two things
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9
Q

What is a complex regulatory gene?

A

Determines when the gene that codes for particular protein is switched on and off.

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10
Q

What was sequencing like in the past?

A

methods were:

  • labour-intensive
  • only done in small scale
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11
Q

What is sequencing like now?

A
  • more cost effective

- done in large scale

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