Topic 8.1 - Human Populations and Dynamics Flashcards
Crude Birth Rate
The number of births per thousand individuals in a population per year
Crude Death Rate
The number of deaths per thousand individuals in a population per year
Natural Increase Rate
The rate of human growth expressed as a percentage change per yer
Doubling Time
The time it takes for the population to double in size
Total Fertility Rate
The average number of children each woman has over her lifetime
How do you calculate ‘CBR’?
Total numbers of birth/total population x 1000
How do you calculate ‘CDR’?
Number of deaths/total population x 1000
What is the weakness of ‘CDR’ as a measure of death rates?
It is a poor indicator as populations with many old people (MEDCs) have higher CDRs than countries with more younger populations (e.g. Denmark)
Why is the world’s population increasing so fast?
Factors such as education, health, poverty, place of residence and social class.
Where is population growth more common and why?
Less economically developed countries as they are less educated, and believe they need more children to help them make a living and take care of them in the future.
Why is population growth slower in MEDCs?
More economically developed countries believe they cannot raise children with a low income which means they can only have children if it does not affect their standard of living
What is exponential growth?
When the population is growing, and there are no limiting factors slowing the growth.
What are the impacts of exponential growth?
Huge amounts of extra resources needed to feed, house, clothe and look after the increasing number of people
How do humans exploit the Earth’s resources using fossil fuels?
The burning of fossil fuels leads to an increase in atmospheric sulfur dioxide –> causes acid rain.