Topic 8: Organic Chemical Analysis Flashcards
Chromatogram:
A graph that shows the result of separating the components of a mixture by chromatography.
Chromatography:
A technique used to separate mixtures due to the distribution of the substances between the stationary and mobile phase. It can give information to help identify substances.
Flame emission spectroscopy:
An instrumental method used to analyse metal ions in solutions.
Flame test:
Qualitative test used to identify metal ions (cations). Carried out by inserting a nichrome wire loop with the unknown compound on into a flame and observing the colour.
Formulation:
A mixture that has been designed as a useful product. They are made by mixing the components in carefully measured quantities to ensure that the product has the required properties.
Impure substance:
A substance made up of two or more elements or compounds that are not bonded together chemically.
Instrumental methods:
Instrumental methods can be used to detect and identify elements and compounds. They are accurate, sensitive and rapid.
Litmus paper:
Paper stained with litmus which can be used to indicate the acidity or alkalinity of a substance. Used in the test for chlorine.
Mobile phase:
Where the molecules can move during chromatography. It is always a liquid or gas.
Precipitation:
The creation of a solid from a solution.
Pure substance:
In chemistry a pure substance is a single element or compound, not mixed with any other substance. In everyday language, a pure substance can mean a substance that has had nothing added to it, so it is unadulterated and in its natural state.
Rf value:
The ratio of the distance moved by a compound to the distance moved by the solvent.
Stationary phase:
Where the molecules are stationary during chromatography. It is a solid or a liquid supported on a solid.
What are the results of the Flame Tests:
Li - Crimson
Na - Yellow
Potassium - Lilac
Calcium - Red/Orange
Copper - Green/Blue
Little Criminals, Nasty Youths, Kick Little, Cats Round, Back(CU) Gardens
