Topic 8 - Fuels + Earth science Flashcards
What 2 elements do hydrocarbons contain?
Hydrogen and carbon.
What is crude oil a mixture of?
Hydrocarbons.
What is the purpose of fractional distillation?
It separates crude oil into more useful fractions.
What happens to the boiling point of the fractions as they get longer?
They get higher.
Word equation for complete combustion of a hydrocarbon?
hydrocarbon + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
Word equation for incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon?
hydrocarbon + oxygen → carbon monoxide + carbon + water
How do you test for carbon dioxide?
Carbon dioxide turns limewater cloudy.
Why is carbon monoxide toxic?
It displaces oxygen in the blood.
What gas is produced due to the impurities in fossil fuels?
carbon dioxide
Where did the gases that formed the Earth’s early atmosphere come from?
volcanoes
How much oxygen was present in the Earth’s early atmosphere?
none
How much carbon dioxide was present in the Earth’s early atmosphere?
200 times as much as today, composition was mainly carbon dioxide.
Name the gases present in the Earth’s early atmosphere.
Ammonia, carbon dioxide, water vapour, methane, hydrogen sulphide.
What is the greenhouse effect?
Energy from the sun goes through the atmosphere.
It reflects off the surface and leaves the atmosphere.
Extra carbon dioxide in the atmosphere reflects some energy back to Earth. The Earth then gets warmer causing climate change.
Word equation for acid rain?
Sulphur dioxide + Water → Sulphuric acid
