Topic 8 Collective Investment Schemes Flashcards
These are all what?
- Investment Manager Expertise
- Diversification
- Reducing Dealing Costs
- Wide Choice of funds
Advantages of Collective Investment Schemes
What are the advantages of skilled investment managers to an investor?
- Don’t need to research individual companies
- Don’t need make any investment decisions
- Don’t need to do any admin work
How can an investment profile with millions of pounds be an advantage?
Can negotiate deal reducing costs
How does having a large choice of investment funds help for collective investment schemes?
They cater for different styles on investment strategies, risk levels and preferences
What is “Diversification” ?
The spread of investments over many arrears to reduce risk over loss in one arrear
- Location
- Industry
- Type of investment
- Other forms of specification
How investment funds are categorised
- Funds that aim to produce high income
- Aim for capital growth
- Balanced growth and Income
Another aim for collective investment funds
Investment funds that are managed according to their management style are?
- Activity Managed Funds
- Passively Managed Funds (tracker funds)
What is a Unit Trust?
Pooled Investment created under a trust deed
What is a Trustee?
A person or people who look after a trust
What is a Trust Deed?
The rules of the trust
How is a Unit Trust Categorised?
- Equity Trust
- Fixed Interest Trust
What is a Equity Trust?
A trust that invests in shares and pays a dividend
What is a Fixed Interest Trust?
Trust which invests in assets that pay interest
A Unit Trust is “Open Ended” this means what?
The trust manager must create more units if there is a demand
What does an Accumulation Unit do?
Reinvest income received from units to create more income
What do distribution/income units do?
Distribute any income received from units to unit holders
What is a key role of a trust manager?
To select investments that will achieve the trust’s objectives
How would a trust manager calculated a units price?
- Calculate the total value of trusts assets plus costs
- Divide this by the units issued
What are the 4 prices of a Unit Trust transactions?
- Creation Price
- Offer Price
- Bid Price
- Cancellation Price
What is the Creation Price?
The price at which a trust manager creates units
What is the Offer Price?
The price at which the investor buys units
What is the Bid Price?
Price at which the trust manager will buy back units from investors looking to sell units
What is the Cancellation Price?
The minimum bid price plus buying & selling costs.
Bid price may be higher at times to cover costs.
What is the Bid/Offer Spread
The difference between the offer price and the bid price.
Investment is reduced by the Charges
What is Single Pricing of Unit Trust?
Pricing system that is determined by the net flow of the fund
Subscriptions to a fund are greater than the redemptions
Is an example of?
Net Inflow
Redemptions to a fund are greater than the subscriptions
Is an example of?
Net Outflow
When a Unit Trust is in Net Inflow why are prices closer to the offer price?
To reflect the cost of purchasing assets
When a Unit Trust is in Net Outflow why are prices closer to the bid price?
To reflect the cost of assets being sold and to generate cash
What is Forward Pricing Basis?
Deals are requested are priced at the end of the dealing period so invest does know prices until the next day
What is Historic Pricing?
The price of deals made the previous day
Why does Historic Pricing give investors an unfair advantage?
It enabled Investors to manipulate the market as deals could be manipulated before the next dealing period
When must a fund manager change to Forward Pricing?
Is a market moves move than 2% in either direction after the last valuation
How are requests to buy/sell units done?
- Telephone
- Online
- Emails
What are the two documents an investor may receive from a fund manager?
- Contract Note
- Unit Certificate
What does the contract note contain?
- Specifies the fund
- Number of units
- Unit Price
- Amount paid
What does the Unit Certificate contain?
- The Fund
- Number of units held
- Proof of unit ownership
Units purchased via intermediaries will receive a statement showing holdings
True Or False
True
What is a form of renunciation?
A form investor signs to sell units. It is on the reverse of the unit certificate
What law are unit trusts authorised by?
Financial Services Market Act 2000
What is the maximum amount a unit trust is allowed to exceed a funds net assets for a temporary period?
10%
These are examples of what?
- Setting out trust’s objectives
- Ensuring adequate investor protection
- Collecting & distributing trust’s assets income
Trustee’s Responsibilities
What are the charges that relate to a Unit Trust?
- Initial Charge
- Annual Management Charge
What is the percentage charge for a Unit Trust’s annual Management Charge?
0.5% - 1.5% of the fund’s value
If a Unit Trust has more than 60% of assets in Cash/Fixed Interest what form of distribution will an investor receive.
Interest or Dividend
Interest
If a Unit Trust has less than 60% of assets in Cash/Fixed Interest what form of distribution will an investor receive.
Interest or Dividend
Dividend
Dividend income from Equity Trusts falls into which allowence
Dividend Allowance
Fixed interest income from fixed interest trusts falls into which allowance
Personal Savings Allowance (PSA)
How many shares will a unit trust typically invest in?
30 - 150 different shares
What is a Investment Trust?
PlC which invests in stock and shares of other companies
Are Investment Trusts are not listed on the Stock Exchange.
True or False?
False they are listed on the Stock Exchange
What does “Closed Ended” mean in relation to an Investment Trust?
Means that they do not create new shares just because investors want them
- Stockbroker
- Financial Advisor
- Investment Trust Manager
Are ways that?
Shares can be bought in a Investment Trust
What percentage do Investment Trust charge for services?
0.5% - 1.5%
What is Net Asset Value Per Share? (NAV)
Investment funds assets less funds owed minus funds owed. Dividend by shares issued
If an investment trust is trading at less than the Net Asset Value (NAV) it is said to be trading at?
Discount
If an investment trust is trading at more than the Net Asset Value (NAV) it is said to be trading at?
Premium
What is “Gearing” / “Leverage”
Is a level to which an investment Trust borrows to fund investment in shares
What percentage are of income received by Investment Trusts must be distributed as dividends?
85%
What are the 2 most common types of Split Capital Investment Trusts shares?
- Income Shares
- Capital Shares
What is a Real Estate Investment Trust? (REIT)
A tax efficient property investment vehicle
Why would an invester invest in a (REIT) over buying a property directly for tax purposes?
SDLT is charged at 0.5%
For a REIT to pay no corporation tax on income or growth what percentage of income needs to come from Property Rentals?
75%
How much of their profits must a REIT distribute to their shareholders net of tax?
90%
What is the maximum number of shares a shareholder can own in a REIT?
10%
A REIT can be held in an ISA, Junior ISA, Children’s Trust Funds, Personal pension.
True or False?
True
What is an Open Ended Investment Company (OEIC)
A LLC that pools investors funds to buy/sell shares in other companies
How are OEIC’s and Unit Trust similar?
- Pooled Investment
- Open Ended
- FCA regulated
- Tax for Investments & Dividend is done in the same way
What does “Umbrella Company” mean in relation to an OEIC?
Made up of several sub-funds
An OEIC can borrow to finance it’s operations for a long time.
True or False?
False. It is only allowed to borrow for short term purposes
What is the regulation relating to OEIC’S?
Open Ended Investment Companies Regulation 2001
What is the name of the person who overseas the operations of a OEIC?
Depository
What is the name of the person who manages an OEIC from day to day?
Authorised Corporate Director
The initial charge for a unit trust is what percentage?
3-5%
- Income
- Capital Growth
- Fixed Income
- Access to Overseas Markets
- Access to Specialist Markets
- Index Tracking
Types of OEIC’S
What is Swing Pricing of an OEIC?
Where the price swings toward either the bid or offer price of assets to reflect the current situation of Net Flow
What are the charges for using an OEIC?
- Initial Charge 3%-5%
- Annual Management Charge 0.5%-1.5%
- Dilution Levy
“Reporting fund” of a Unit Trust or an OEIC means what is relation to an investor?
Liable for income tax and CGT on disposable of an asset
“Non- Reporting fund” of a Unit Trust or an OEIC means what is relation to an investor?
Means they are only liable to tax on disposal of an asset