topic 8 Flashcards
How many bits are in an IPv4 address, and how are they grouped?
32 bits, divided into four octets.
What are the two parts of an IPv4 address?
Network portion and host portion.
What process is used to identify the network and host portions in an IPv4 address?
ANDing.
What is the prefix length in IPv4 addressing?
The number of bits set to 1 in the subnet mask, written in ‘slash notation’.
What operation is used to identify the network address?
Logically ANDing the host IPv4 address with the subnet mask.
How can you tell if an IPv4 address is a host, network, or broadcast address?
Network address: all host bits set to 0; Host addresses: host bits range 00000001 – 11111110; Broadcast address: all host bits set to 1.
Define Unicast.
Sending a packet to one destination IP address.
Define Broadcast.
Sending a packet to all other destination IP addresses.
Define Multicast.
Sending a packet to a multicast address group.
Compare public and private IPv4 addresses.
Public IPv4 addresses are globally routed; Private addresses are not globally routable.
What are the Private address ranges?
10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, 192.168.0.0/16.
What does NAT stand for, and what is its function?
Network Address Translation; translates private IPv4 addresses to public IPv4 addresses.
What are the Loopback addresses and how are they used?
Commonly identified as 127.0.0.1; used on a host to test if TCP/IP is operational.
What is the default subnet mask for Class A?
/8.
What is the number of hosts per network for Class B?
65,534.
How do switches propagate broadcasts?
Out all interfaces except the interface on which it was received.
Do routers propagate broadcasts?
No.
What is a problem with large broadcast domains?
They can generate excessive broadcasts and negatively affect the network.
What is the solution to large broadcast domains?
Reduce the size of the network to create smaller broadcast domains through subnetting.
List three reasons for segmenting networks.
- Reduces overall network traffic
- Improves network performance
- Implements security policies between subnets.
Convert 10110 (Decimal) into Binary.
10110.
Convert 101010012 (Binary) into Decimal.
170.
Write the subnet mask for 192.168.5.53/22.
255.255.252.0.
What is the prefix length for the subnet mask 255.255.255.128?
/25.
Determine the address type for 192.168.1.32/27.
Host.
Determine the address type for 200.25.36.200/25.
Host.
Determine the address type for 172.16.55.71 /29.
Host.
Determine the address type for 10.2.3.75 /28.
Host.
