topic 8 Flashcards
1
Q
transcription factors
A
- enter nucleus from cytoplasm
- bind to promoter region of DNA
- help RNAP to bind
- initiating transcription
- allowing gene to be expressed
2
Q
oestrogen
A
- steriod-based so can diffuse through cell membrane into a cell
- binds to receptor site on TF
- causes TF to change shape slightly
- making the DNA BS more complementary to the promoter region of target gene
- TF then moves into nucleus + binds to promoter region
- helps RNAP to bind
- enabling transcription to occur
3
Q
epigenetics
A
heritable changes in gene function without changes to DNA base sequence
4
Q
methylation of DNA
A
5
Q
acetylation of histone proteins
A
6
Q
RNA interference
A
7
Q
iPS cells
A
8
Q
tumour suppressor genes
A
9
Q
proto-oncogenes
A
10
Q
hypermethylation of TSGs
A
11
Q
hypomethylation of proto-oncogenes
A
12
Q
creating dna fragments
A
- reverse transcriptase
- restriction endonucleases
- gene machine
13
Q
amplifying dna fragments
A
- in vivo
- in vitro (PCR)
14
Q
reverse teanscriptase
A
15
Q
restriction endonuclease
A
