TOPIC 7 - populations

Question 1

define species.

Answer 1

a group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

Question 2

define population.

Answer 2

all the organisms of a particular species that live in the same place

Question 3

define gene pool.

Answer 3

the range of different alleles present in a population

Question 4

define allele frequency

Answer 4

how common an allele is in the population

Question 5

define evolution

Answer 5

a change in allele frequency over time

Question 6

what is the hardy Weinberg principle?

Answer 6

predicts the frequency of alleles, genotypes and phenotypes in a population

Question 7

give the assumptions made by the hardy Weinberg principle.

Answer 7

• no mutations occur to create new alleles
• no migration in or out of the population
• no selection, so all alleles are equally passed onto the next generation
• random mating
• large population

Question 8

explain the Hardy-Weinberg principle for calculating allele frequency.

Answer 8

p+q =1
p = frequency of dominant allele
q = frequency of the recessive allele

Question 9

explain the hardy Weinberg principle for calculating genotype frequency.

Answer 9

p^2 + q^2 +2pq =1

2pq = heterozygous

Question 10

what is speciation?

Answer 10

the formation of producing a new species.