topic 7 - inheritance

Question 1

gene

Answer 1

a section of DNA that codes for a polypeptide or a functional mRNA/tRNA

Question 2

allele

Answer 2

an alternative form of a gene

Question 3

gene locus

Answer 3

the position of a gene on a chromosome

Question 4

genotype

Answer 4

genetic constitution of an organism

Question 5

phenotype

Answer 5

the expression of this genetic constitution and its interaction with the environment

Question 6

homozygous

Answer 6

when two alleles for a gene are the same

Question 7

heterozygous

Answer 7

when two alleles for a gene are different

Question 8

recessive

Answer 8

only expressed in the phenotype when homozygous for that gene

Question 9

dominant

Answer 9

expressed in the phenotype when one allele is present

Question 10

co-dominance

Answer 10

neither allele is dominant or recessive, both are expressed in the phenotype

Question 11

multiple alleles

Answer 11

genes can have more than two alleles, but only two alleles are expressed at a time

Question 12

dihybrid

Answer 12

inheritance of two characteristics controlled by two genes located on two different chromosomes

Question 13

sex-linked

Answer 13

genes that are located on one sex chromosome

Question 14

autosomal linkage

Answer 14

when two or more genes are carried on the same chromosome are inherited together

Question 15

epistasis

Answer 15

when one gene influences the expression of another gene