Topic 7 Groups rates and energy Flashcards
1 What do atoms of the same element have in common?
their atomic number/number of protons
2 Roughly how many elements are found naturally?
90 to 100
3 In what order are elements arranged in the periodic table?
in order of increasing atomic number
4 What do you call the columns in the periodic table?
groups
5 What is special about the elements that are in the same group of the periodic table?
similar properties
6 What is similar about the electronic configuration of elements in the same group?
same number of outer electrons
7 What is formed when a group 1 element reacts with water?
an alkali/metal hydroxide + hydrogen
8 What is the charge on the ions of elements in group 1?
1+
9 The first two elements in group 1 are lithium and sodium. What is the third element?
potassium
10 What name is given to group 1 elements?
the alkali metals
11 What happens to the reactivity of the group 1 elements as you go down the group?
it increases
12 What is produced when lithium reacts with water?
lithium hydroxide and hydrogen
13 Why do alkali metals get more reactive as you go down the group?
the outermost electron is further and further away, and so more easily removed
14 What name is given to group 7 elements?
the halogens
15 State an example of a group 7 element.
one of: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine or astatine
16 What is the state of a substance at room temperature, if it has a melting point of ?7 °C and a boiling point of 59 °C?
liquid
17 What ion is in all acid solutions?
H+
18 Do metals usually form ionic compounds with other metals, non-metals, neither or both?
non-metals
19 State the formula of the compound formed when calcium reacts with bromine.
CaBr2
20 What is the name and colour of the only liquid halogen?
bromine, brown
21 What does chlorine look like?
pale green gas
22 How is the appearance of iodine different from that of the three halogens above it in group 7?
solid and darker/black in colour
23 Name the compound formed when hydrogen reacts with chlorine.
hydrogen chloride
24 What kind of solution is formed when hydrogen fluoride dissolves in water – acidic, neutral or alkaline?
acidic
25 Complete the equation: Ca(s) + Cl2(g) →
CaCl2(s)
26 What ions are present in potassium fluoride?
K+ and FI-
27 State one similarity in the electronic configurations of fluorine and chlorine.
same number of outer electrons
28 Describe the trend in reactivity of group 7 elements.
decreasing down the group
29 What type of reaction occurs between chlorine and potassium bromide?
displacement and redox
30 What is formed when chlorine water is added to sodium bromide solution?
sodium chloride + bromine
31 What type of reaction is the reaction between chlorine water and sodium bromide solution an example of?
displacement, redox
32 Fluorine atoms are more reactive than chlorine atoms. What does fluorine have fewer of that explains this?
electron shells
33 H Describe reduction in terms of electron transfer.
gain of electrons
34 Where is group 0 found in the periodic table?
last column on right-hand side
35 What name is given to group 0 elements?
the noble gases
36 Name a group 0 element.
one of: helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon or radon