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Topic 7 Engineering drawings CAD Flashcards

1
Q

What is CAD?

A

Computer-aided design (CAD) is the process used to reproduce real life designs or design ideas virtually. It allows users to add several useful features such as adding materials, dimensions, or assembly notes.

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2
Q

What are some capabilities of CAD?

A

CAD allows users to develop and modify their designs and simulate how different materials will look or perform in a particular design.

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3
Q

List some advantages of using CAD.

A
  • Ideas can be developed quickly.
  • Drawings can be drawn quickly and changed easily.
  • Designs can be viewed from different angles and with different materials.
  • Ideas can be tested and modified before manufacturing starts.
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4
Q

List some disadvantages of using CAD.

A
  • Set-up is expensive.
  • Users need to be skilled and trained.
  • Technology is always changing, and users need additional training.
  • Some updates and new software are expensive.
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5
Q

What is BS 8888?

A

BS 8888 is a British Standard for technical product documentation, including geometric product specification, tolerance specification, and engineering drawings.

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6
Q

What is the main purpose of BS 8888?

A

The main purpose of BS 8888 is to unify applicable International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) standards for technical specifications.

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7
Q

What does ISO stand for?

A

International Organization for Standardization.

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8
Q

When was ISO founded?

A

ISO was founded in 1947.

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9
Q

Fill in the blank: CAD allows users to _______ and modify their designs.

A

develop

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10
Q

True or False: One disadvantage of CAD is that it allows ideas to be tested before manufacturing starts.

A

False

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11
Q

What are the two main systems of measurement?

A

Metric and imperial units

The metric system is widely used globally, while the imperial system is still used in some countries, notably the UK.

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12
Q

What is the metric unit for long length?

A

metre

The metric system uses the metre as the primary unit for measuring long lengths.

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13
Q

What are the imperial units for long length?

A

mile, yard

The imperial system uses mile and yard as units for measuring long lengths.

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14
Q

What is the metric unit for short length?

A

centimetre

The centimetre is commonly used for measuring shorter lengths in the metric system.

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15
Q

What are the imperial units for short length?

A

foot, inch

In the imperial system, foot and inch are used for measuring shorter lengths.

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16
Q

What is the metric unit for mass/weight?

A

gram

The gram is the standard unit of mass in the metric system.

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17
Q

What are the imperial units for mass/weight?

A

ounce, pound

Ounce and pound are used in the imperial system to measure mass or weight.

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18
Q

What is the metric unit for volume (liquid)?

A

litre

The litre is used in the metric system for measuring liquid volume.

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19
Q

What are the imperial units for volume (liquid)?

A

gallon, pint, quart

These units are commonly used in the imperial system to measure liquid volume.

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20
Q

What is the metric unit for volume (dry)?

A

litre

The litre is also used in the metric system for measuring dry volume.

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21
Q

What are the imperial units for volume (dry)?

A

bushel, peck, pint, quart

These units are used in the imperial system for measuring dry volume.

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22
Q

Who defined the metric system?

A

Gabriel Mouton

The metric system was defined by the 17th-century French scientist Gabriel Mouton.

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23
Q

What is the full name of the SI system?

A

System International

The metric system is also known as the International System of Units (SI).

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24
Q

How many countries predominantly use the metric system?

A

All but three countries

The U.S., Liberia, and Myanmar are the exceptions to the metric system usage.

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25
What is a key characteristic of the metric system?
It relies on counting in tens, hundreds, and thousands This decimal-based approach makes the metric system easier to use.
26
What are some examples of units in the imperial system?
inch, mile, pound These units are fundamental in the imperial measurement system.
27
When was the British imperial system established?
1824 and 1878 The British Weights and Measures Acts established the imperial system.
28
When did the UK officially adopt the metric system?
1976 The UK began transitioning to the metric system in 1976.
29
Since when have UK companies been legally required to use metric units for fresh produce?
2000 This law mandates the use of metric measurements for the sale of fresh produce.
30
What are the two main categories of line types used in engineering drawings?
Visible and Hidden
31
Describe the application of continuous bold lines in engineering drawings.
Visible outlines, contours, and edges of an object
32
What type of line is indicated by short dashes and begins in contact with the originating line?
Hidden line
33
What type of line uses alternating long and short dashes?
Centre line
34
What is the purpose of a construction line in engineering drawings?
Used to construct layout work and hatching
35
List the three main parts of an engineering drawing.
* One or more views of an engineering component or assembly * Dimensions, symbols, explanatory and instruction notes * A title block
36
What information is typically included in a title block?
* Drawing reference number * Author * Drawing number * Date * Title * Materials * Scale * Sheet number * System of measurement * Projection
37
Where is the title block usually located on an engineering drawing?
In the lower right corner of the drawing sheet
38
What additional information can CAD drawings' title blocks include?
* Name of CAD software * Name of drawing file * Units of the dimensions
39
What is the purpose of a border on an engineering drawing?
To demarcate the edge of the drawing region
40
What are trimming marks and where should they be placed?
Trimming marks facilitate trimming of the paper and should be placed at four corners
41
What is the function of centring marks on a drawing?
To facilitate positioning when reproduced
42
What does a frame do in an engineering drawing?
Limits the drawing space of the drawing sheet
43
Fill in the blank: Engineering drawings should be clear, concise, accurate and convey information about the size, shape, and _______.
[position of components]
44
True or False: The title block is not necessary for engineering drawings.
False
45
What is measurement tolerance?
The total allowable error within an item or range of values that is acceptable or permitted by the user from the result of the process or product measurement Measurement tolerance accounts for the inherent inaccuracies in manufacturing processes.
46
What does tolerance refer to in manufacturing?
The acceptable range of difference that is agreed upon for parts of a product Tolerance ensures that parts fit together correctly, allowing for slight variations in size.
47
What is the basic size?
Size from which the limits are calculated, commonly used for both the hole and the shaft The basic size is usually the closest fraction.
48
What does the plus minus sign (+ or -) indicate?
How big or small the part must be to fit with the rest of the pieces This symbol is crucial for ensuring that various components of an assembly are compatible.
49
What are the limits in the context of tolerance?
Maximum and minimum size that the part is allowed to be Limits ensure that parts manufactured are safe and functional.
50
Why is tolerance important in engineering drawings?
It is important for safety and quality when manufacturing Properly applied tolerances reduce mistakes and waste.
51
What happens if parts are not the right size?
Accidents could happen and customers would complain Ensuring proper size is critical for both safety and customer satisfaction.
52
How can tolerances be stated?
For each dimension or apply to a drawing as a whole Allowable tolerances do not have to be the same above and below the exact value.
53
What is an example of the maximum and minimum tolerance?
For 35 mm ± 0.25 mm, maximum is 35.25 mm and minimum is 34.75 mm This shows how tolerances can be calculated for a given dimension.
54
What is upper deviation?
The difference between the basic size and the permitted maximum size of the part Calculated as UD = |basic size – Dmax|.
55
What is lower deviation?
The difference between the basic size and the minimum permitted size of the part Calculated as LD = |basic size – Dmin|.
56
What is fundamental deviation?
The closest deviation to the basic size, being the smaller of the upper and lower deviations Fundamental deviation is critical for determining compliance with specifications.
57
What is an ellipse?
A plane curve tracing the intersection of a cone with a plane. An ellipse is a specific type of conic section.
58
Define an elliptical arch.
An arch having the shape of half an ellipse. Elliptical arches are often used in architecture for their aesthetic and structural properties.
59
In isometric drawing, how do circles appear?
Circles appear as ellipses and arcs as elliptical arcs. This is due to the nature of isometric projection, which distorts shapes.
60
What does the isometric scale apply to?
Diameters and radius too. The isometric scale helps in accurately depicting lengths in isometric drawings.
61
When do angles project true size in isometric projection?
When the plane containing the angle is parallel to the plane of projection. If not, angles can appear distorted.
62
Do angles in isometric projection appear in true size?
No, angles never appear in their true size. Even 90° corner angles appear distorted.
63
What angle should isometric drawings be drawn with?
A 30° angle at each side. This standardizes the appearance of edges in isometric projection.
64
What is isometric projection?
A method for visually representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions in technical and engineering drawings. It helps in understanding complex shapes by simplifying them.
65
What is the relationship between the angles in isometric projection?
All angles between the axonometric axes are equal. This equality is fundamental to maintaining the proportions of the projected object.
66
How are parallel edges represented in isometric projection?
Parallel edges are projected as parallel lines. This characteristic helps viewers understand the object's geometry.
67
At what angle are horizontal edges drawn in isometric projection?
At a 30° angle. This drawing technique is essential for achieving the isometric perspective.
68
How are vertical edges drawn in isometric projection?
As vertical lines. This maintains the upright appearance of the object.
69
How should an object be oriented to produce an isometric projection?
So that its principal edges make equal angles with the plane of projection. This orientation is crucial for accurate representation.
70
What angle do the edges of a cube make with each other in isometric projection?
They make equal angles of 120° with each other or 30° with a horizontal line. This ensures uniformity in the projection.
71
What is the isometric scale ratio for actual lengths?
The actual lengths of the objects are reduced in the ratio of 2:3. This ratio simplifies the drawing process.
72
What is the isometric length in relation to the actual length?
Isometric length = 0.816 actual length. This conversion factor is vital for accurate scaling in isometric drawings.
73
What is the purpose of the isometric scale?
To facilitate the easy and quick method of measurement of lengths of the various edges in their reduced sizes while drawing isometric projections. It allows for direct measurement without complex calculations.

Engineering (9 decks)

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