Topic 7

Question 1

What is the genome

Answer 1

All the genetic material in an organism

Question 2

What are coding vs non coding regions called

Answer 2

Exons are coding and introns are non coding

Question 3

PCR process

Answer 3

Denature DNA at 95 degrees, breaks apart strands
Anneal primers at 50-65 degrees, attach primers just upstream
Extension at 72 degrees, taq polymerase or similar extend primers

Question 4

How we sequence our own DNA

Answer 4

Do PCR, use terminator bases that halt the chain and colour tag them. Then do gel electrophoresis.

Question 5

How are strands of DNA cut for a profile

Answer 5

Restriction endonuclease. Example of restriction enzyme

Question 6

What is a transcription factor

Answer 6

Protein that binds to the DNA in the nucleus and affect the process of transcribing genetic material

Question 7

What is the promotor sequence

Answer 7

Found just upstream, what the transcription factor binds to

Question 8

What is an enhancer sequence

Answer 8

Regulates the activity by regulating the structure of the chromatin ( structure of histones)

Question 9

How mRNA changes before arriving at ribosome

Answer 9

Spliceosomes remove introns and combine exons to produce mature RNA from pre - mRNA