Topic 6 - Structure Adaptations Flashcards
What is the primary function of root hair cells?
Specialised to take up water by osmosis and mineral ions by active transport from the soil
How do root hair cells increase their efficiency in water uptake?
They have a large surface area due to root hairs
What role does the large permanent vacuole play in root hair cells?
Affects the speed of movement of water from the soil to the cell
What is the purpose of mitochondria in root hair cells?
Provide energy from respiration for the active transport of mineral ions into the root hair cell
What is the main function of xylem cells?
Transport water and mineral ions up the plant from the roots to the shoots
What happens to xylem cells upon formation?
A chemical called lignin is deposited which causes the cells to die
What is the significance of lignin deposition in xylem cells?
Causes the cells to become hollow and form a continuous tube
How does lignin deposition help xylem cells?
Deposited in spirals to withstand the pressure from the movement of water
What is the primary function of phloem cells?
Carry the products of photosynthesis (food) to all parts of the plants
What structures are formed from the cell walls of phloem cells?
Sieve plates
Are phloem cells alive or dead?
Alive
How do phloem cells obtain the energy they need?
Supplied by the mitochondria of the companion cells
What substance do phloem cells transport around the plant?
Sucrose
Fill in the blank: Root hair cells are found in the _______ of roots.
tips
True or False: Xylem cells are alive at maturity.
False
