Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

igcse computer science > topic 6- memory and data storages > Flashcards

topic 6- memory and data storages Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

MIDI (1)

A

-Standard adopted by the music industry for controlling devices such as synthesizers and sound cards.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Mp3 (4)

A
  • File compression system for music which does not noticeably affect the quality of the sound
  • Removes sound humans can’t hear well
  • If two sounds playing at the same time the softer sound is removed
  • Uses perceptual music shaping
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Differences between MIDI and Mp3 (7)

A
  • MP3 a digital recording of sound
  • Mp3 produced by recording software
  • Mp3 a compressed file format
  • MIDI Instructions of how to make sound
  • MIDI Non-audio recording
  • MIDI File created using digital musical instruments
  • MIDI Produced by synthesizer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Mp4(1)

A

its a video format lol mr thomas didnt write shit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Jpeg(1)

A

Picture format

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Image capture(6)

A
  • Image converted from analogue to digital (ADC)
  • Image turned into pixels
  • Each pixel given binary value
  • Each pixel given a colour
  • Pixels form a grid
  • Pixels stored in sequence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Types of file compression (2)

A
  • Lossy

- Lossless

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

File compression (1)

A

-Uses a compression algorithm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Advantage of compressing(3)

A
  • Smaller file to transmit
  • File transmitted quicker
  • Uses less bandwidth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Lossless (6)

A

E.g. computer program

  • Code must be exactly the same as the original
  • If not the same as original file will not work
  • A (compression) algorithm is used
  • No data is removed in the process
  • Repeated words (are identified) and are replaced by an index
  • The number of times the word appears is stored
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Lossy (4)

A

E.g. Video file (Mpeg)

  • Makes the file smaller than lossless
  • Quality can be reduced but the file will still run
  • Redundant data can be removed
  • Used when no requirement for file to be exactly same as original
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Compressing text files (4)

A
  • Use lossless
  • Repeated words can be indexed
  • Repeated words sections e.g. ‘ou’ can be replaced with numerical value
  • Can be saved as zip file
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ram types (2)

A
  • DRAM

- SRAM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

DRAM(8)

A
  • Constructed of tiny capacitors that leak electricity
  • Requires a recharge every few milliseconds to maintain its data
  • Inexpensive
  • Slower SRAM
  • Can store many bits per chip
  • Uses less power
  • Generates less heat
  • Used for main memory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

SRAM(8)

A
  • Constructed of circuits
  • Hold its contents as long as power is available
  • Expensive
  • Faster than DRAM
  • Can store many pits per chip
  • Uses more power
  • Generates more heat
  • Used for cache
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ROM(4)

A
  • Non-volatile memory chip
  • Primary memory
  • In a microprocessor holds the BIOS
  • Can’t be written to
17
Q

Types of ROM(3)

A
  • PROM (Programmable read-only memory) – It can be programmed by user. Once programmed, the data and instructions in it cannot be changed.
  • EPROM (Erasable Programmable read only memory) – It can be reprogrammed. To erase data from it, expose it to ultra violet light. To reprogram it, erase all the previous data.
  • EEPROM (Electrically erasable programmable read only memory) – The data can be erased by applying electric field, no need of ultra violet light. We can erase only portions of the chip.
18
Q

EEPROM(4)

A
  • NAND
  • More expensive
  • Faster read
  • Erase singular byte
19
Q

SSD (4)

A
  • NOR chips
  • Less expensive
  • Slower read
  • Erase blocks of bytes
20
Q

Cache (5)

A
  • Cache holds the information from the RAM that is most actively used, and accessed most frequently.
  • The computer system will run faster as the slower main memory will need to be accessed less frequently.
  • When the processor needs to read from the main memory, it first checks if a copy of the data exists in the cache.
  • If the data to be read do not exist in the cache, the data are first copied to the cache and then used.
  • When the processor needs to write to the main memory it does so through cache memory.
21
Q

Remote control car example

A

-RAM
Contains instructions currently in use
-ROM
Contains the startup/bootstrap program
-SSD
Stores program data to operate the car

22
Q

Types of secondary storage (2)

A
  • HDD

- SSD

23
Q

HDD(6)

A
  • Uses platters
  • Platters divided into tracks
  • Platter is spun
  • Read write arm moves over platter
  • Magnetic fields control magnetic dots of data
  • Magnetic field determine binary value
24
Q

SSD(2)

A
  • Non-volatile memory

- Uses NAND flash memory

25
Q

Why SSD>HDD(6)

A
  • No moving parts (more reliable in a portable device)
  • Use less power
  • Smaller (good for portable devices)
  • Faster data access
  • Run cooler
  • Run quieter
26
Q

Why HDD>SSD for webservers

A
  • Cheaper for large amounts of data
  • Greater longevity for read/write functions
  • Don’t need faster speed of SSD
  • Expensive to change technology
27
Q

Optical storage examples(3)

A
  • CD
  • DVD
  • Blu Ray
28
Q

DVD(3)

A
  • Uses 1 spiral
  • Red laser used to read/write
  • Dual layer technology
29
Q

DVD-RAM(2)

A
  • Uses concentric tracks

- Allows read/write operations at same time

30
Q

DVD-R Vs DVD-RAM(4)

A
  • DVD-R one spiral track DVD-RAM several concentric tracks
  • DVD-RAM can be written to and read at same time;DVD only allows read
  • DVD-R only allows read; DVD-RAM allows read and write
  • DVD-RAM can have direct access because of concentric tracks
31
Q

Blu Ray (2)

A
  • Uses blue laser

- Uses single1.1mm polycarbonate disc

32
Q

Blu Ray vs DVD

A
  • Larger Capacity
  • Blue laser rather than red laser
  • Single polycarbonate layer not two layers
33
Q

Tape vs SSD in severs (5)

A
  • Greater longevity – more read and writes
  • Speed is sufficient
  • Cheaper per unit of data – better value
  • No portability requirement
  • Trusted technology
34
Q

two more types of portable storage

A

portable HD

USB flash drive

igcse computer science (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions