Topic 6 Cells

Question 1

Cytoplasam

Answer 1

• Fluid in cells,
• mainly composed of water but has ions and molecules
  Found in: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Question 2

Ribosomes

Answer 2

Function: Make protein from messages in mRNA
Made From: rRNA + tiny amount of protein
Location: Free in cytoplasm, sitting on RER
Found in: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Question 3

Nucleus

Answer 3

Function: DNA storage
- has protein pores that determine what goes in or out of nucleus
Made from: Double phospholipid bilayer
Found in: Eukaryotes

Question 4

Endomembrane System

Answer 4

Function: Process and transport lipids and proteins
RER->Transport Vesicle->Golgi apparatus->Transport vesicle -> cell membrane

Question 5

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 5

Function: Holds visiting ribosomes (that make proteins)
Made From: Phospholipid membrane
Found in: Eukaryotes

Question 6

Golgi apparatus

Answer 6

Function:
- Clips bits of protein to form final structure,
- adds glucose molecule or short chain of glucose molecule to some other protein,
- sorts proteins,
- wraps result in transport vesicle and sticks “address”
Made From: many layers of phospholipid membrane that form sacs
Found in: Eukaryotes

Question 7

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 7

Function: Makes things from lipids
Made From: Phospholipid membrance
Found in: Eukaryotes

Question 8

Mitochondria

Answer 8

Function: Performs most cellular respiration
Made From: 2 phospholipid membranes
Found in: Eukaryotes

Question 9

Chloroplast

Answer 9

Function; Preforms photosynthesis
Made From: 3 layers of phospholipid membranes
Found in: plant cells

Question 10

Microtubules

Answer 10

Function: Help cell hold shape and involved in movement
Made From: Protein subunits that form hollow fat tubes (25 cm diameter)
Found in: Eukaryotic cells
Make: Basal bodies, centrioles, spindle fibers, pathways for motor proteins, flagella, cilla

Question 11

Microfilaments/Actin

Answer 11

Function: Help cell hold shape and involved in movement
Made From: 2 strands of actin protein
Found in: Eukaryotes

Question 12

Intermediate Filaments

Answer 12

Function: cytoskeletal rod shaped part of cytoskeleton
Made of: multiple stands of different types
Found in: Eukaryotic cells

Question 13

Centrosome

Answer 13

Function: MicroTubule Organizing Center controls movement of chromosomes during cell division
Made From: Proteins containing MTOC
From centriole (eukaryotes)

Question 14

Lysosome

Answer 14

Function: Carry chemicals that break down several kinds of materials inside
Made From: Little bubbles of phospholipids
Found: Eukaryotes

Question 15

Peroxisomes

Answer 15

Function: Carry hydrogen peroxide, breaks down lipids
Made From: little bubbles of phospholipids
Found: Eukaryotes