Topic 6

Question 1

What is primary memory in a computer?

Answer 1

Primary memory is where all processed data, instructions, and resulting data are stored. It is directly connected to the processor.

Question 2

What is the difference between static RAM and dynamic RAM?

Answer 2

Static RAM holds data as long as power is supplied, while dynamic RAM leaks data over time and needs periodic refreshing.

Question 3

What is cache memory used for?

Answer 3

Cache memory is used to store frequently used instructions and data to speed up processor performance.

Question 4

What is the purpose of ROM in a computer?

Answer 4

ROM holds critical instructions like the BIOS for booting up a PC. It is non-volatile and cannot be altered during regular use.

Question 5

Differentiate between direct and sequential access storage.

Answer 5

Direct access storage allows specific data to be retrieved without reading all preceding data, while sequential access storage requires reading through all previous data.

Question 6

What is the fetch-decode-execute cycle?

Answer 6

The fetch-decode-execute cycle is the process by which the processor retrieves instructions, decodes them, and executes them.

Question 7

How is processor speed measured?

Answer 7

Processor speed is measured in Hertz (Hz), and more recently in Gigahertz (GHz) for modern processors.

Question 8

What is MIPS, and how does it relate to processor performance?

Answer 8

MIPS stands for Million Instructions Per Second, a rough measure of processor performance.

Question 9

Define memory bandwidth and its significance.

Answer 9

Memory bandwidth is the rate at which data travels between memory and the processor, affecting overall CPU performance.

Question 10

What is the maximum resolution in digital screens defined as?

Answer 10

Maximum resolution is defined as Width x Height, indicating the number of distinct pixels in the display.

Question 11

Differentiate between HDD and SSD.

Answer 11

HDDs are cheaper but slower, while SSDs are faster and more durable but expensive.

Question 12

What are the main features of a sound processor?

Answer 12

Sound processors convert analog sound to digital files and vice versa, and can process multiple audio channels.

Question 13

What is a GPU and its primary use?

Answer 13

A GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) is designed for manipulating and processing graphics, especially in gaming and CGI.

Question 14

How does network connectivity affect computer performance?

Answer 14

Network connectivity, such as wired or wireless NICs, affects the speed and reliability of data transfer.

Question 15

Describe the role of a mainframe in modern computing.

Answer 15

Mainframes are used by large organizations for critical applications and data processing, such as in finance and defense.

Question 16

What is a supercomputer primarily used for?

Answer 16

Supercomputers are used for tasks like weather forecasting, scientific research, and complex calculations.

Question 17

What are the characteristics of modern servers?

Answer 17

Servers provide services to clients, such as hosting databases, files, or applications. They are designed for high reliability and performance.

Question 18

What defines a Personal Computer (PC)?

Answer 18

A Personal Computer (PC) is a general-purpose computer designed for individual use, typically with a desktop or laptop form factor.

Question 19

What are the benefits of using laptops over PCs?

Answer 19

Laptops offer portability, long battery life, and capabilities similar to desktop PCs, making them ideal for mobile use.

Question 20

Describe the key features of tablets.

Answer 20

Tablets are mobile devices with touchscreens that serve as both input and output devices, and are typically equipped with sensors like GPS.

Question 21

What is multitasking in operating systems?

Answer 21

Multitasking allows multiple tasks to share CPU resources efficiently, giving the illusion of parallel execution.

Question 22

Explain the difference between multiprocessing and multithreading.

Answer 22

Multiprocessing refers to a system with multiple CPUs, while multithreading allows different parts of a program to execute concurrently.

Question 23

What are the key limitations of system resources in computing?

Answer 23

Limitations of system resources include insufficient memory, processing power, or storage, leading to slower performance or errors.

Question 24

How does rendering work in computer-generated imagery (CGI)?

Answer 24

Rendering in CGI is the process of generating images or videos from models, using complex mathematical equations.

Question 25

What is the role of a multiprogramming OS?

Answer 25

A multiprogramming OS loads multiple programs in memory, maximizing CPU usage by switching between them when idle.