Topic 5 - Separate Chemistry 1 Flashcards
Transition Metals properties
Typical metallic properties.
Transition Metals as catalysts
Iron is used in the Haber Process for producing ammonia
Vanadium Pentoxide V2O5 is a catalyst for producing Sulfuric Acid.
Transition metal compounds are
Colourful.
Eg. Fe2+: orange, Cu2+ Blue,
Why are alloys harder than Pure Metals
Different sized atoms disrupt the lattice preventing sliding.
Why Iron is alloyed.
Adding carbon makes steel. (1% carbon)
Properties:
Harder, stronger,
More rust resistant
Bronze
Copper + Tin
Harder than copper.
Used in metals and decorations.
Brass
Copper + Zinc
More malleable than bronze,
Lower friction (water taps and door fittings)
Gold alloys
Zinc, copper, silver added to strengthen
Pure Gold: 24 Carat
18 carat: 75%
Aluminium alloys
Used in aircraft
Low density
Pure aluminium is not strong enough other metals added.
Magnalium
Aluminium + Magnesium (5%)
Stronger, lighter, corrodes less.
Used in cars and aircraft
50% Mg
Used for fireworks
Corrosion of Metals
REDOX reactions. Metal is oxidised. (Gains oxygen). Oxygen is reduced (loss)
When rusting happens
Oxygen in air and water
Prevent rusting : Painting
Coats Iron with a barrier, this keeps out water and oxygen.
Sacrificial protection
Placing a more reactive metal on the outside to make the oxygen and water react with it instead
Galvanising
A layer of zinc is placed. Acts as a sacrificial protection so it will be oxidised instead of iron
Electroplating
Used to coat the surface of metals using electrolysis
Cathode in electroplating
The object being electroplated:
Electroplating electrolyte
Contains ions of the electroplating metals
Use of electroplating
Reduce corrosion or if jewellery used for decoration.
Purpose of titrations
To find concentrations, How much acid is needed to neutralise a given quantity of alkali (vise-versa)
Burette filled with
Known Concentration.
Titrate until
indicator changes
Concentration Unit
moles per dm^3 /// g dm^-3
