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Ict: Info 1 > Topic 5- selection And Use Of storage > Flashcards

Topic 5- selection And Use Of storage Flashcards

0
Q

Primary storage

A

Programs and data are stored on chips inside the computer and are available Immediately by the central processing unit

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1
Q

2 types of primary storage

A

RAM (random access memory)

ROM (read only memory)

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2
Q

Secondary (or backup storage)

A

outside the computer.

Short delay while the data is obtained from the secondary storage

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3
Q

5 things secondary or backup storage can include

A
  • Magnetic disk
  • Magnetic type
  • CD-ROM
  • CD-RW
  • DVD
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4
Q

RAM(random access memory)

A

fast temporary memory which loses its contents when the power is turned off

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5
Q

ROM (read only memory)

A

memory stored on a chip which does not lose data when the power is turned off

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6
Q

Volatile memory

A

memory which loses data when the power is turned off

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7
Q

Non-volatile memory

A

Memory stored on a chip which does not lose data when the power is turned off

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8
Q

RAM is…

A
  • held on a computer chip
  • volatile memory
  • read/write so can be altered by the user
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9
Q

ROM is…

A
  • held on a computer chip
  • non-volatile memory
  • used to hold instructions on computer
  • contents cannot be altered by the user
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10
Q

Why is it important to have a large amount of memory?

A
  • applications can run faster on their own
  • more applications able to run at the same time
  • able to quickly move between applications
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11
Q

What can be used to measure storage capacity and performance

A
  • storage capacity (how much data can be stored usually measured in mb or gb)
  • Storage density (ideally you want as much storage as possible in the least possible space)
  • access time (time the storage device takes to access a particular piece of data)
  • Transfer rate (once the data has been located it will need to be read and transferred to the computer. This measures the throughput of the data)
  • physical size (storage devices need to be as small and light as possible)
  • portability (some storage devices used for backup should be removable)
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12
Q

What is the amount of data stored and the instructions the computer can store measured by?

A

-bytes
1 byte= 8 bits
-A single character (letter,number or symbol on the keyboard) can be stored in one byte
-means that one byte is an extremely small unit of storage

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13
Q

3 ways of measuring storage/memory

A
  • megabytes(mb)
  • kilobytes(Kb)
  • gigabytes(gb)
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14
Q

Smallest to largest file sizes

A
  • Bits
  • bytes
  • kilobytes (Kb)
  • Megabytes(Mb)
  • gigabytes (GB)
  • terabytes (Tb)
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15
Q

File size conversions of bits,bytes,kilobytes,gigabytes,megabytes,gigabytes,terabytes

A 
Bits (0-1)
Bytes=8 bits
Kilobytes = 1024 bytes
Megabytes = 1024 kilobytes 
Gigabytes= 1024 megabytes 
Terabytes= 1024 Gigabytes
16
Q

Compression

A

Storing data in a file format that requires less space.

17
Q

File compression

A

Files are often compressed before saving on the storage medium and this enables more files to be stored in the same space

18
Q

Storage device capacity for CD

A

700Mb

19
Q

Storage device capacity for Flash drive

A

4Gb

20
Q

Storage device capacity for magnetic hard drive

A

320Gb

21
Q

Floppy disks and drives

A
  • flexible plastic disks
  • not popular anymore because takes long to transfer the data from them (low data transfer speed)
  • low storage capacity (1.44mb)
22
Q

hard drives

Magnetic hard drives advantages

A

-Consist of a series of disks with a magnetic coating and a series of read/write heads which put the data onto or record it off each surface

Advantages:

  • a very high transfer rate
  • a very high storage capacity
23
Q

Optical drives/disks

A
  • flat circular disks on which data is stored as a series of bumps
  • the way the bumps reflect laser beam lights used to reader the data off the disk
24
Q

CD rom (compact disk- read only memory)

  • what it is used for
  • read only/random access?
  • what is the data stored as
  • storage capacity
A
  • used for the distribution of software
  • data is read only
  • data is stored as an optical pattern
  • large storage capacity (600mb)
25
Q

CD-R definition

A
  • Allows data to be stored on a CD but only once

- it is ideal for the backing up of data for storing Digital music

26
Q

CD-RW (CD-rewritable)

A

Allows data to be stored on the desk over and over again-just like a hard disk
You can treat a CD-RW like a hard drive but the transfer rate is less and the time taken to locate a file is greater
- The media is not as robust as a hard drive

27
Q

DVD (Digital versatile disc)

A
  • DVDs have a much higher storage capacity than CDs

- are ideal for the storage of multimedia files such as MP3, digital images and video clips

28
Q

DVD-ROM (Digital versatile disk-read only memory)

A
  • Is used for the distribution of movies where you can only read the data off the disk
  • A DVD-ROM drive can also be used for the reading of data off a CD
30
Q

DVD+RW (Digital versatile disk +read/write)
What are they?
What they are also called?
storage capacity?

A

A DVD plus RW drive can be used to write to as well as read data from a CD
Also called DVD burners as they are able to be written on&not just read from
-storage capacity=8.5 GB

30
Q

Flash/pen drive

A
  • Very popular stories media which offer cheap and large storage capacities and are an ideal media for photographs, music and other data files
  • consist of printed circuit boards in a plastic case
31
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of flash drive

A

A:-Small and lightweight& can be used with any computer-large storage capacity 4-30 GB -not affected by scratches like optical media
D: -small size means they are easily stolen or lost -turn left in computer by mistake&lost -do not have as high a transfer rate as magnetic hard disk drive

32
Q 
Magnetic tape
What it is? 
Storage capacity? 
Used for?
What is not used for?
A
  • Magnetic tape stores the data on a plastic magnetic coated tape which is stored on a reel
  • very large storage capacity (800 Gb) Sony introduced: 185 TB
  • use for the backup of data&programs in large Systems(backs up data from a e-commerce business)
  • not used for storage needed quickly as it has a large access time e.g used for data backup (lots of data, but rarely only accessed in an emergency)
33
Q

Memory cards drives and memory cards

A
  • memory cards are the thin cards found in digital cameras
  • ideal storage media for photographs but can also be used for storing other types of data
  • many computers and printers have drives that will read the data on different sized memory cards
  • there are also portable memory card drives which attache to the USB socket of the computer
34
Q

Data stored at different physical location from where it is used:

  • websites
  • emails
A
  • those people who don’t have their own Internet servers will need to store their webpages and website on the server of an Internet service provider
  • for a home user of the Internet their emails are stored on the storage devices of your Isp
35
Q

Backup storage
What it is used for
Main requirements
Backup media/devices

A
  • Used to hold copies of the original files in case they are lost
  • main requirement for backup storage is that it should be portable& have a high storage capacity
  • Pen/flash drives
  • CD-RW and DVD-RW can be used as backup but are slow compared to other methods

Ict: Info 1 (8 decks)

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