Topic 5 Quiz Flashcards
Define skill
A learned ability: goal-oriented, results with maximum certainty, minimum outlay of time and energy, unnatural
Cognitive skill
involves the use of a person’s mental power, problem solving
Perceptive skill
interpreting and making sense of information through senses
Motor Skill
executing physical movements
Gross motor skills
using large muscle groups resulting in a coordinated action (throwing, kicking, catching)
Fine motor skills
The use of small muscle groups as well as sight and touch (writing, typing, archery)
Open motor skills
Skills performed in a constantly changing environment
Closed motor skills
Skills performed in a stable and predictable environment
Discrete skills
Skills done within a breif duration marked by beginning, middle, end
Serial skills
Skills done in a series or group strung together to complete a more complicated action (gymnastics floor routine)
Continuous skills
Skills that continue for a long time, no distinct beginning, middle, or end (running, swimming)
Externally paced
The action is determined and paced by external forces (weather, other people, timer)
Internally paced
The performer controls the rate they do the action
Individual skills
Skill is done alone with no other people involved
Coactive skills
There are other people involved but not physically (other skiiers in a slalom race but they race separately)
Interactive skills
Skill is done with other people and they are physically involved (soccer, football)
Outline ability
- Stable, Genetically determined
- Can be Perceptual, motor, or combo
- Enduring characteristics (stay for a long time)
- Can be strengthened by practice (Developed
through maturation)
Abilities underpin skills
Fleishman’s physical proficiency abilities
Physical proficiency abilities are general athletic abilities
- Static strength: max force exerted against external object
- Dynamic strength: exerting force repeatedly
- Explosive strength: ability to mobilize energy effectively for bursts of muscular effort
- Trunk strength: core
- Extent flexibility: ability to flex trunk and back muscled
- Dynamic: rapid trunk flexing movements
- Gross body coordination: coordinating actions of several parts at once
- Gross body equilibrium: balance without visual ques
- Stamina: max effort requiring cardiovascular effort (long distance run)
Fleishman’s perceptual motor abilities
Perceptual motor abilities are finer motor abilities that allow individual performers to make take-in and process info
- Limb coordination: the ability to coordinate the movement of limbs simultaneously
- Control precision: ability to make highly controlled and precise muscular adjustments where large muscle groups are involved
- Response orientation: ability to select rapidly where a response should be made, as in a choice reaction time situation
- Reaction time: ability to respond rapidly to a stimulus when it appears
- Speed of arm movement
- Rate control: precise timing
- Manual dexterity: make skillful, well-directed arm hand movements
- Finger dexterity: perform controlled manipulations of tiny objects
- Arm hand steadiness: making precise arm hand positioning movements where strength and speed minimally involved
- Wrist finger speed:moving wrist and ringers rapidly in a tapping task
- Aiming: aiming precisely at a small target in space
Technique
The way someone controls their limbs - in order to be skillful you need to have good technique
What is the relationship between skill, ability, and technique?
Skill = ability + use of correct technique
What is the difference between a skilled and novice performer?
Skilled performers have effortless technique and their movements are fluid and efficient
Novice performers are inconsistent and lack fluidity and coordination
