Topic 5 Human rights and responsibilities in Ireland

Question 1

Universal rights

Answer 1

Everyone everywhere are entitled to human rights
Universal declaration of human rights (UDHR); all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights

Question 2

Inalienable rights

Answer 2

The idea that human rights should not be taken away , except in a specific situation

Question 3

Indivisible rights

Answer 3

All human rights are interdependent and indivisible
All human rights have equal status and denial of one right impedes enjoyment of others

Question 4

Civil and political rights

Answer 4

Human rights that protect your individual freedoms and right to participate in the civil and political life of your state without discrimination

Question 5

Economic , social and cultural rights

Answer 5

The human rights which include and individuals right to adequate housing , education , food , to take part in cultural life , and to work

Question 6

Absolute rights

Answer 6

A set of rights that cannot lawfully be interfered with

Question 7

Limited rights

Answer 7

Rights that can be interfered with under certain circumstances

Question 8

Qualified rights

Answer 8

An authority or the government can sometimes interfere with your rights if it’s in the interest of the wider community or protect other people’s rights (social need)

Question 9

Capabilities approach

Answer 9

An approach to human well-being that focuses on the actual capabilities of a person and what they can do based on what they have and what opportunities are available to them

Question 10

Positive right

Answer 10

A right that requires someone like the government to take action and provide something like education or healthcare these are often economic social or cultural rights

Question 11

Negative right

Answer 11

A right that means others must not interfere with. No action is needed to be taken to uphold this right
Right to life = leave person alone

Question 12

Rights holder

Answer 12

A person or organisation that legally owns certain rights
Everyone is a rights holder because all individuals have rights
Since people have rights , someone must be responsible for providing them

Question 13

Duty bearer

Answer 13

They are responsible for promoting , protecting , and fulfilling human rights

Question 14

immediate obligation

Answer 14

the states responsibilities to take steps in achieving all human rights for citizens

Question 15

Social minimum

Answer 15

An equal foundation or starting point for all people

Question 16

Direct discrimination

Answer 16

Occurs when a person is treated unfairly or disadvantaged based on a protected characteristic , such as race, gender , or sexual orientation. For example , being fired from a job due to sexual orientation.

Question 17

Indirect discrimination

Question 18

Diversity

Answer 18

Means variety , specifically referring to people from different social and ethnic backgrounds , sexual orientations, genders , religions , languages and abilities

Question 19

Hate speech laws (verbal )

Answer 19

Prohibition of incitement to hatred act 1989
This law makes it illegal to say or publish something that’s violent threatening ,abusive or offensive and is likely to cause conflict between religious and racial and sexual groups

The act covers word , writing, images, behaviour in public not violence

It’s hard to use in court because
1. You have to prove that the person was meant to cause hatred
2. There’s a fine line between hate speech and free speech

Question 20

Hate crime laws ( physical)

Answer 20

This law deals with crimes like assault ,threats , harassment or criminal damage - but they add stronger punishment if the crime was motivated by hate ( racism , homophobia)