Topic 5: Global development

Question 1

Explain 3 ways different people define development

Answer 1

Economic - Progress in economic growth, how wealthy a country is, its level of industrialisation and use of technology.

Social - Improvement in peoples standard of living, better health care and access to clean water

Political - Having a stable political system with institutions that can meet the needs of society

Question 2

How does cultural factors affect a countrys development?

Answer 2

In some cultures it is traditional for women to stay at home and not work. This can hold back development as there is less household income and more inequality between men and women.

Question 3

Define food and water security

Answer 3

Food security - Whether people are able to eat enough nutritious food to stay healthy and active.

Water security - Whether there is a reliable and sustainable source of good quality water to meet everyones needs for industry, agriculture and personal health.

Question 4

Whats human development?

Answer 4

It’s improving peoples quality of life, including economic, social and political aspects of development.

Question 5

Name factors that affects the level of human development in a country

Answer 5

Economic
Social
Technological
Cultural
Food security
Water security

Question 6

How can economic affect human development?

Answer 6

Having enough money to provide shelter, food and clothing

Question 7

How does social affect human development?

Answer 7

Education improves peoples job choices and good sanitation increased life expectancy

Question 8

How can technological affect human development?

Answer 8

New technology can help other aspects of development; improving education, healthcare and food security. Increasing access to mobile phones and the internet meaning people are more connected and more information available giving them more choices.

Question 9

List 6 measures of development

Answer 9

GDP (Gross domestic product)
GDP per capita
Gini coefficient
Gender inequality index
HDI (Human development index)
CPI (Corruption Perceptions Index)

Question 10

Explain how the Gini coefficient shows the level of a countrys development

Answer 10

It measures economic inequality. Countries are given a score from 0 (equal) to 100 (total inequality). As a country develops it gets lower

Question 11

Explain the difference between GDP and GDP per capita

Answer 11

GDP - The total value of goods and services a country produces in a year.

GDP per capita - GDP divided by the population of a country. Sometimes called GDP per head

Question 12

Whats the gender inequality index

Answer 12

A number calculated using data on women’s education, access to jobs, political jobs and health during pregnancy. A high score means more inequality.

Question 13

Whats the Corruption Perception Index

Answer 13

A measure of the level of corruption believed to exist in the public sector on a scale of 1-100. Low score means more corruption

Question 14

Why is Human Development Index described as a composite factor?

Answer 14

Because the HDI is a combination of life expectancy, education and GNI per capita

Question 15

What are the three categories that we can divide countries to in their development? Give examples of each

Answer 15

Developed countries - High human development e.g the UK

Emerging - Medium to high human development e.g India

Developing - Low human development e.g Chad

Question 16

What are the most and least developed countries?

Answer 16

Most - North America, Europe and Australia

Least - Central Africa and parts of Asia

Question 17

Explain 3 physical factors that can affect a country’s development

Answer 17

Poor climate - Not much will grow. Reduces amount of food produced leading to malnutrition and poor quality of life. Fewer crops to sell, less money to spend on goods and services.
Few materials - Makes less money due to little products to sell. Less money to spend on development.
Natural disasters - Spend lots of money rebuilding after disasters occurs leading to less money being able to spend on the development.

Question 18

Explain how colonisation caused countries to struggle in their development.

Answer 18

Colonisers controlled economies of their colonies, removed raw materials, slaves and sold back expensive manufactured goods. Leading to the colonised country being dependant on their colonisers which leads to famine.

Question 19

Why do countries who produces primary products struggle with their development?

Answer 19

They don’ t make much profit as their prices tend to be below the cost of production. People makes little money therefore the government spends less on development.

Question 20

What are 3 factors that causes uneven development

Answer 20

Physical, Historic and Economic

Question 21

What are 3 factors that led to uneven development in the UK?

Answer 21

Unemployment - Unemployment is highest in North East of England (5.0%) and lowest being (2.9%) in the South West