TOPIC 5: ENERGY FOR BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES

Question 1

What are the three main stages of Aerobic Respiration?

Answer 1

1. Glycolosis
2. Krebs cycle
3. Electron transport Chain

Question 2

What is Glycolosis?

Answer 2

Glycolosis is the first stage of respiration and occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell, converting monosaccharides to pyruvate

Question 3

What are the three steps in Glycolosis?

Answer 3

1. Phosphorylation
2. Lysis of Glucose molecules
3. Formation of Pyruvate

Question 4

What is the equation for Respiration ?

Answer 4

6O2 +C6H12O2 (glucose)—-> 6CO2 + 6H20 + ATP

Question 5

What are the two types of anaerobic respiration?

Answer 5

1. Ethanol fermentation- takes place in plants and yeast.

2. Lactate fermentation- takes place in animals

Question 6

Where do light-dependent reactions occur

Answer 6

In the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast

Question 7

What is photophosphorylation

Answer 7

The process of adding phosphate to ADP to form ATP

Question 8

What are the products of the light-dependent reaction

Answer 8

1. ATP
2. Reduced NADP - reduces CO2
3. Oxygen Gas - produced as bi product

Question 9

What does the photolysis of water produce

Answer 9

Water is split in photolysis and this process produces the hydrogen ions and electrons to reduce NADP

Question 10

Describe the three stages of light-independent reactions

Answer 10

1. RuBP combines with CO2 anf forms an nstable 6 carbon compound - The reaction is catalysed by the enzyme RuBisCO
2. The compound splits immediately to form GP
   GP combines with 2H+ from NADPH and energy is used to form GALP and water
3. GALP is used directly in respiration and regerenates the RUBP and forms glucose

Question 11

Why doesnt temperature have an effect on the rate of photosynthesis

Answer 11

Photosynthesis is a two-stage process and the light-dependent stage is not affected by temperature only photons