Topic 5 and 6 Flashcards
Deception is a complex mental activity. Another term for deception is lying. When we lie or deceive many of our function as we do so are of higher cognition and researches on this matter as against that with truthfulness which is said to emanate from the prefrontal cortex of our brain.
Lie
Another term for deception
lying
Studies show that the average person lies ________________ . Some forms of deception may not necessarily by lying.
Several times a day
is a complex mental activity.
Deception
An untrue statement made with intent to deceive or mislead; to speak untruthfully with an attention to create a false impression.
Lie
When we lie or deceive many of our function as we do so are of higher cognition and researches on this matter as against that with truthfulness which is said to emanate from the ____________________________.
prefrontal cortex of our body
We say it’s wrong. We use euphemistic terms like “white _______” or “________” to ease our guilt. We superstitiously cross our fingers behind our backs, as if to somehow suspend the rules and judge ourselves on the right side of communicative fair play.
white lies or fibbing
GENERAL KINDS OF LIE
White lie
Pathological lie
Malicious or Judicial lie
Black lie
red lie
gray lie
jocular lying ( jocose lie)
emergency lie
big lie
puffery lie
lie of compliment ( false reassurance)
These are the kind of lies used to protect or maintain the harmony of friendship or any relationship.
White Lie or Benign Lie
________as we seek first to help others, even at some cost to ourselves. In practice these are shades of white and what we tell ourselves are white lies are often tending
more towards gray than pure white.
Altruistic
This is a lie made by persons who cannot distinguish right from wrong
Pathological Lie
other term for pathological lie
Mythomania or Pseudologia Fantastica
This is very pure and unjustifiable kind of lie that is intended purely to mislead or obstruct justice.
Malicious or Judicial Lie
A lie which accompanies pretensions and hypocrisies, intriguing to cause dishonor or discredit ones good image.
Black Lie
is simple and callous selfishness. We tell back lies when others gain nothing and the sole purpose is either to get ourselves out of trouble (reducing harm against ourselves) or gain something we desire (increasing benefits for ourselves).
Black lie
is about spite and revenge. The liar is driven by a motive to harm others even at the expense of harming himself. The lie may even be carved in blood. When we are angry at others, perhaps because of a long feud or when we feel they have wronged us in some way, we feel sense of betrayal and so seek retributive justice, which we may dispense without thought of the consequence.
Red Lie
They are partly to help others and partly to help ourselves. They may vary in shade of gray, depending on the balance of help and harm.
Gray Lie
are hard to clarify:
Example: you can lie to help a friend out of trouble but then gin the reciprocal benefit of them lying for you while those harmed in some way or the other lose out.
Gray Lies
A deceit for the purpose of humor.
Jocular Lying (Jocose Lie)
A strategic lie told when the truth may not be told.
Emergency Lie
A lie which attempts to trick the victim into believing something major which will likely be construed by some information that victim already possessed or their common sense
Big lie
An exaggerated claim typically found in advertising and publicity announcements.
Puffery Lie
A lie intended to please-others.
Lie of Compliment (False Reassurance)
Types of Liars
Panic liars
Occupational liars
Tournament liars
Psychopathic liars
Ethnological liars
Professional liars
