topic 5

Question 1

roles of thylakoid membranes in the production of ATP from LDR

Answer 1

-membranes are a site of photophosphrylation
-chlorophyll in the thylakoid membrane
-for the absorption of light
-electrons are released from chlorophyll
-there are electron carriers in the thylakoid membrane
-electrons are picked up by electron carriers
-resulting in hydrogen ions being moved into thylakoid space
-thylakoid membranes provide thylakoid space
hydrogen ions can move through ATPase back into the stroma
-proton movement provides the energy for the formation of ATP from ADP and phosphate ions

Question 2

ATP

Answer 2

-small, soluble molecule
-formed and broken down by 1 step reaction
-gives little manageable amount of energy

Question 3

how is the structure of membranes?

Answer 3

phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins

Question 4

describe structures in a chloroplast that are involved in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis

Answer 4

-compartmentalization
-thylakoid membranes are site of LDR
-molecules on membrane: chlorophyll, PS, electron carriers, ATP synthase, NADP reductase
- thylakoid membranes provide space for accumulation of proton

Question 5

benefits of having membranes

Answer 5

-separate different incompatible processes into different areas
- build conc gradient by having two distinct and separate areas

Question 6

Photophosphorylation

Answer 6

adding phosphate group to ADP

Question 7

Paper Chromatography - Method

Answer 7

-dissolve pigments in organic solvent
-get filter paper + draw baseline by pencil
-add dissolved pigments and let dry
-drop, dry, drop, dry concentrate
-add organic solvent below baseline
-let liquids move and stop exp. before solvent exceeds paper
-record measurements

Question 8

adaptations of chloroplast

Answer 8

-has chlorophyll to trap sunlight
-stroma has necessary enzymes
-thylakoids are stacked up to increase SA

Question 9

absorption spectrum

Answer 9

how strongly different pigments absorb light at different wavelength