TOPIC 4.1 - Wellness And Illness

Question 1

This is the state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO. 1947)

Answer 1

Health

Question 2

This is an integrated method of functioning which is oriented toward maximizing the potential of which the individual is capable. It requires that the individual maintain a continuum of balance and purposeful direction within the environment where he is functioning. (Hilbert Dunn).

Answer 2

Wellness

Question 3

This is a state in which someone’s needs are not sufficiently met to allow the individual to have a sense of physical and psychosocial well-being.

Answer 3

Illness

Question 4

Dimensions of Health

Answer 4

• Physical Dimensions
• Environmental Dimensions
• Emotional Dimensions
• Socio-cultural Dimensions
• Intellectual Dimensions
• Spiritual Dimensions

Question 5

The state of being free of signs or symptoms of disease.

Answer 5

Health

Question 6

Medical Model

Answer 6

M.B Belloc and Breslow-1972

Question 7

The presence of signs and symptoms of disease.

Answer 7

Illness

Question 8

A constantly changing state with high level of wellness and death being on opposite ends of a graduated scale or continuum.

Answer 8

Health

Question 9

If an individual copes and functions effectively in daily living, he is said to be within the health ______.

Answer 9

Spectrum

Question 10

Failure to cope or poor reintegration means a presence of _______ and if the body fails completely, irreversible damage results leading to death.

Answer 10

Illness

Question 11

Health-Illness Continuum

Answer 11

McCann/Flynn and Heffron - 1984

Question 12

The ability to perform all those roles from which one has socialized.

Answer 12

Health

Question 13

Role Performance Model

Answer 13

(Parsons 1958)

Question 14

Refers to functioning to one’s maximum potential while maintaining balance and purposeful direction in the environment.

Answer 14

High-level wellness

Question 15

He describe his concept of High Level Wellness as functioning to the maximal possible level of one’s ability within one’s environment.

Answer 15

Halbert Dynn

Question 16

High-level wellness

Answer 16

Dunn 1961

Question 17

Concepts in Dunn’s High Level Wellness

Answer 17

1. Totalitarity
2. Uniqueness
3. Energy
4. Inner and Outer World
5. Self-Integration

Question 18

Involves the biopsychosocial components in humans.

Answer 18

Totalitarity

Question 19

Required by every living thing which include physical energy such as food, water and air and psychosocial energy which is obtained from contacts and interactions with other environmental elements.

Answer 19

Energy

Question 20

Refers to reflection of human’s experiences with his past and present inner self and with the outer world. These reflections become the basis for behavior.

Answer 20

Inner and Outer world

Question 21

Uses reflection of the past and present as a basis for behavior.

Answer 21

Self-integration

Question 22

The state of complete physical, mental, social being and not merely the absence of a disease or infirmity.

Answer 22

Health - by WHO 1947

Question 23

A wellness-oriented physician who focused his approach on a concept of wellness education.

Answer 23

John Travis

Question 24

Wellness education Model

Answer 24

John Travis

Question 25

The concept this is based on the idea that it is more fruitful to study the human being as a whole than to study its separate parts.

Answer 25

Holism

Question 26

The state in which needs are being sufficiently met to allow an individual to function successfully in life with the ability to achieve the highest possible potential.

This model is reflected on Abraham Maslow’s Model of Basic Human Needs.
A knowledge of this model will help us understand health and illness through man’s need.

Answer 26

Health

Question 27

Stages of Illness Behaviors

Answer 27

1. Experience Symptoms
2. Assumption of the Sick Role
3. Medical Care Contact
4. Dependent Client Role
5. Recovery and Rehabilitation

Question 28

• The person is aware that “something is wrong”.

• A person usually recognizes a physical sensation or a limitation in functioning but does not suspect a specific diagnosis.

• The person’s perception of a symptom includes awareness of a physical change such as pain, a rush or a lump: evaluation of this change and a decision that it is a symptom of an illness; and an emotional response.

Answer 28

Stage 1 : Experience Symptoms

Question 29

• If symptoms persist and become severe, clients assume the sick role.

• At this point the illness becomes a social phenomenon, and sick people seek confirmation from their families and social groups that they are indeed ill and that they be excused from normal duties and role expectations.

Answer 29

Stage 2 : Assumption of the Sick Role

Question 30

• If symptoms persist despite the home remedies, become severe or require emergency care, the person is motivated to seek professional health services.

• In this stage the client seeks expert acknowledgement of the illness as well as the treatment.

Answer 30

Stage 3 : Medical Care Contact

Question 31

• The client depends on health care professionals for the relief of symptoms.

• The client accepts care, sympathy and protection from the demands and stresses of life.

• A client can adopt the dependent role in a health care institution, at home or in a community setting.

• The client must also adjust to the disruption of a daily schedule.

Answer 31

Stage 4 : Dependent Client Role

Question 32

• The stage can arrive suddenly such as when the symptoms first appeared.

• In the case of chronic illness, the final stage may involve an adjustment to prolonged reduction in health and functioning.

• This stage describes two conditions, namely convalescence and rehabilitation.

Answer 32

Stage 5 : Recovery and Rehabilitation

Question 33

Two conditions in Stage 5: Recovery and Rehabilitation

Answer 33

Convalescence and Rehabilitation

Question 34

The period of recovery following illness.

Answer 34

Convalescence

Question 35

The restoration of the functioning to maximal self sufficiency.

Answer 35

Rehabilitation