topic 4 whatever it is

Question 1

phylogeny vs morphology

Answer 1

• phylogeny shows evolutionary relationships based on DNA sequences
• morphology shows similarity in physical/anatomical features whihc may have different evolutionary origins

Question 2

3 factors that reduce biodiversity

Answer 2

• population growth –> leads to increases urbanisation/deforestation.
• agriculture –> leads to habitat loss (bushes)
• climate change –> causes species to migrate

Question 3

stabilising selection

Answer 3

close to the mean favoured
* keeps allele frequencies relatively constant over generations

Question 4

directional selection

Answer 4

favours extreme phenotype
* produces a gradual change in allele frequencies

Question 5

the founder effect

Answer 5

small number of individuals from a large parent population start a new population

Question 6

genetic drift

Answer 6

a gradual change in allele frequencies in a small population due to chance and not natural selection.