Topic 4: The end of apartheid and the creation of a ‘rainbow nation’ 1984-94

Question 1

UDF:

Answer 1

Was formed in 1985, composed of 575 organisations with an estimated support base of 2 million

Question 2

Random stats

Answer 2

Less than 12% of Africans voted in local council elections
1985 ANC called for the people’s war
Inflation was 8% in 1983 and 11% in 1986

Question 3

Violence:

Answer 3

175 people were killed in Pretoria in violent demonstrations against rent in 1975

With 800 killed as a result of political violence in 1985

In 1986, 500 black Africans killed by the police and 40 political assassinations

Inkatha gate and the third force collusion- resulted in 13 members of the ANC being killed

Number of terror acts= 45 in 1984 and 281 in 1988

14,000 killed in political violence in the 1990s

Question 4

Economy

Answer 4

The international value of the rand fell by 35% in 1985
Over 90 US firms withdrew from investment in 1985-86
And the cost of imports rose by 60% between 1980 and 1987

Question 5

Violence pt2- state of emergency

Answer 5

1986 state of emergency led to almost 8,600 troops in townships
By 1987 47 admitted deaths in police custody, 29,000 arrests and 30 organisations arrested