Topic 4: Systems Flashcards
What is a Molecule?
Two or more atoms joined together
What is an Organelle?
A structure within a cell with a specific function
What are Cells?
The smallest unit of life that makes up all living things
What is Cellular Respiration?
A chemical reaction involving oxygen that moves energy in glucose into the compound ATP
What is a System?
A group of organs working together
What is Respiratory System?
The system which allows a human to breathe
What is a Tissue?
A group of cells performing the same task
What is the Circulatory System?
The system used to pump blood around the body
What are Blood Cells?
A cell found in blood. Can be a red blood cell or white blood cell
What are Blood Vessels?
Veins, arteries or capillaries that flows blood around the body
What is the Heart?
A muscle which pumps blood around the body
What are Arteries?
Hollow tubes with thick walls carrying blood pumped by the heart
What are Capillaries?
Small tubes carrying blood to body cells. Every cell is supplied with blood through capillaries
What are Veins?
Tubes used to move blood to the heart
What is the Digestive System?
A system that allows us to eat and digest food and also extracts nutrients from the food to give to the body
What is the Excretory System?
The system that is used to remove wastes from the body
What is a Musculoskeletal System?
The system containing bones and various muscles
What is Plasma?
The yellow liquid in blood that carries water, minerals, food and waste to and from cells
What are Red Blood Cells?
Cells that transport oxygen all over the body
What is Haemoglobin?
The red pigment in red blood cells that carry oxygen
What is Oxyhemoglobin?
Haemoglobin with oxygen molecules attached
What are White Blood Cells?
Cells that fight infection
What are Platelets?
Cells used to clot blood
What is Oxygenated Blood?
Blood with oxygen
What is Deoxygenated Blood?
Blood with carbon dioxide
What is the Left Atrium?
The upper left part of the heart that carries oxygenated blood to the left ventricle
What is the Right Atrium?
The upper right part of the heart that carries deoxygenated blood to the right ventricle
What is the Left Ventricle?
The lower left part of the heart that carries oxygenated blood to the aorta
What is the Right Atrium?
The lower right part of the heart that carries deoxygenated blood to the pulmonary artery
What is a Varicose Vein?
Expanded and or knotted blood vessels close to the skin, usually found in the legs
What is an ECG?
A graph using tiny electrical impulses generated by the heart to give information about the health of a heart
What is Cellular Respiration?
The process of cells receiving oxygen
What is the Epiglottis?
The tube that sends food to the stomach and oxygen to the lungs
What is the Trachea?
The tube which takes oxygen to the lungs
What are Bronchi?
Branches in the lung leading to the alveoli
What are bronchioles?
Small branches in the lungs carrying oxygen to alveoli
What is Chemical Digestion?
The digestion of food through stomach acids or saliva
What is the Alimentary Canal?
The tube from the mouth to the anus
What are Enzymes?
Chemicals that assist saliva in breaking down food
What is Saliva?
Liquid produced in a humans mouth under the tongue used to breakdown food
What are Salivary Glands?
Glands that produce saliva
What is Excretion?
The removal of wastes from the body
What is Skin?
The largest organ in the body that removes sweat
What are the Lungs?
An organ that removes carbon dioxide
What are Kidneys?
The organ that removes water from the blood and makes urine
What are Nephron?
The part of a kidney that removes liquid from blood
What is the Ureter?
The tube running from the kidney to the bladder
What is the Bladder?
The organ that stores urine
What is Urine?
The end product after water has been excreted from the blood
