Topic 4 - Special Populations

Question 1

This system is critical in the first few seconds of exercise, as it is able to provide an immediate source of energy.

Answer 1

ATP-CP System (aka. Phosphagen, Anaerobic Alactic, Phosphocreatine)

Question 2

This process starts to provide energy at about the 30 second mark and can continue until approximately the 90 second mark.

Answer 2

Anaerobic Glycolytic System (aka. Anaerobic Lactic)

Question 3

This system is used for longer-lasting, low intensity activities, as well as to replenish stores at rest.

Answer 3

Aerobic System

Question 4

Submaximal, rhythmic, repetitive exercise of large muscle groups during which the needed energy is supplied by inspired oxygen.

Answer 4

Aerobic Exercise

Question 5

Behaviours/exposures that can be changed/controlled to raise or lower a person’s risk of a disease.

Answer 5

Modifiable Risk Factor

Question 6

Conditions that increase your risk of developing a disease and cannot be changed.

Answer 6

Non-Modifiable Risk Factor

Question 7

A result of lack of training, which can be due to changes in lifestyle, acute injury (that will not necessarily result in being bedridden) and/or lack of interest.

Answer 7

Detraining

Question 8

Occurs if a person is bedridden for an extended period of time, often due to illness (e.g. acute/chronic) and it will result in decreases in cardiovascular and muscular efficiency.

Answer 8

Deconditioning

Question 9

Some ______________ effects associated with bed rest include:
- Decreased muscle mass
- Decreased strength
- Decreased CV function
- Decreased total blood volume
- Decreased plasma volume
- Decreased heart volume
- Decreased orthostatic tolerance
- Decreased exercise tolerance
- Decreased bone mineral density

Answer 9

Deconditioning

Question 10

What does the F.I.T.T. principle stand for?

Answer 10

Frequency
Intensity
Time
Type

Question 11

Number of days per week that exercise is performed (e.g. individual will exercise 4-5 times per week).

Answer 11

Frequency

Question 12

The difficulty level of exercise performed (e.g. individual should be able to talk but not sing will exercising).

Answer 12

Intensity

Question 13

The duration of a single bout of exercise (e.g. individual begins exercising for 15 minutes and gradually increases to 30 minutes).

Answer 13

Time

Question 14

The form of exercise undergone (e.g. individual will swim for exercise).

Answer 14

Type

Question 15

Amount of energy used to perform different tasks (e.g. reading may use about 1.3 _____ while running may use 8-9 _____.

Answer 15

Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET)

Question 16

Who has published recommendations for the maintenance of aerobic fitness health?

Answer 16

The Canadian Society of Exercise Physiologists (CSEP)

Question 17

Which age group is being described below by the CSEP?
- Being physically active several times in a variety of ways, particularly through interactive floor-based play
- For those not yet mobile, this includes at least 30 minutes of tummy time spread throughout the day while awake
- Not being restrained for more than 1 hour at a time (e.g. in a stroller/highchair)

Answer 17

0-4 years old

Question 18

Which age group is being described below by the CSEP?
- An accumulation of at least 60 minutes per day of moderate to vigorous physical activity involving a variety of aerobic activities
- Vigorous physical activities and muscle/bone strengthening activities should each be incorporated at least 3 days per week
- No more than 2 hours per day of recreational screen time
- Limited sitting for extended periods

Answer 18

5-17 years old

Question 19

Which age group is being described below by the CSEP?
- Moderate to vigorous aerobic physical activities of at least 150 minutes per week
- Muscle strengthening activities using major muscle groups at least twice a week
- Several hours of light physical activities, including standing
- No more than 3 hours of recreational screen time
- Breaking up long periods of sitting as often as possible

Answer 19

18-64 years old

Question 20

Which age group is being described below by the CSEP?
- Moderate to vigorous aerobic physical activities of at least 150 minutes per week
- Muscle strengthening activities using major muscle groups at least twice a week to challenge balance
- Several hours of light physical activities, including standing
- No more than 3 hours of recreational screen time
- Breaking up long periods of sitting as often as possible

Answer 20

65+ years old

Question 21

An umbrella term that encompasses a variety of conditions that affect the structure/function of the heart.

Answer 21

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)

Question 22

Some risk factors associated with ______________ disease include:
- Age
- Family history
- Lifestyle (e.g. smoking, alcohol)
- Physical activity
- Diet
- Stress
- Body composition (e.g. visceral vs subcutaneous)
- Hypertension
- Diabetes
- Access to health care

Answer 22

Cardiovascular

Question 23

A _________ lifestyle is one of the five major risk factors (includes HBP, abnormal values for blood lipids, smoking & obesity) for cardiovascular disease.

Answer 23

Sedentary