Topic 4: Organic Chemistry Flashcards
Define hydrocarbon
A molecule that ONLY contains hydrogen and carbon
What is a molecular formula?
The actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule
What is an empirical formula
The simplest number ratio of atoms in a compound
Give an example of general formula
Alkane - CnH2n+2
Alkene- CnH2n
What is a structural formula
It shows how atoms are structured/joined together
Define functional group
The group of atoms that is responsible for its chemical properties
What is homologous series
A group of substances with:
- Same general formula
- Similar chemical properties
- Graduations in physical properties
What is an isomer
Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structure
Name the first six alkanes/alkenes
Mr - Methane (No alkene)
Elephant - Ethene
Plays - Propene
Boys - Butene
Penis - Pentene
Horribly - Hexene
What is a substitution reaction
An atom or a group of atom that is replaced by a different group of atom
What is addition reaction
An atom or a group of atom adds molecule without taking anything away
What is a combustion reaction
A burning reaction that gives off carbon dioxide and water
What is crude oil made up of
It is a mixture of hydrocarbons
What is refinery gas used for
Bottle gases
What is bitumen used for
Road surfacing
