Topic 4 - Nutrition and youth health and wellbeing

Question 1

Anaemia

Answer 1

a condition characterised by a reduced ability of the body to deliver enough oxygen to the cells due to a lack of healthy red blood cells.

Question 2

Cartilage

Answer 2

connective tissue that protects and cushions the joints and provides structure and support to various body tissues.

Question 3

Cell membrane

Answer 3

the outer layer of a cell that provides the structural support for the cell and allows nutrients, gases, and waste into and out of the cell.

Question 4

Cholesterol

Answer 4

a type of fat required for optimal functioning of the body that in excess can lead to a range of health concerns including the blocking of the arteries (atherosclerosis). It can be ‘bad’ low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or ‘good’ high-density lipoprotein (HDL).

Question 5

Cultural factors

Answer 5

the set of beliefs, moral values, traditions, language, and laws (or rules of behaviour) held in common by a nation, a community or other defined group of people.

Question 6

Dental Caries

Answer 6

decay of teeth caused by a breakdown in the tissues that make up the tooth.

Question 7

Discretionary foods

Answer 7

foods and drinks not necessary to provide the nutrients the body needs, but that may add variety. However, many of these foods are high in kilojoules and are therefore described as energy dense.

Question 8

Food insecurity

Answer 8

the ‘limited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods, or the limited ability to acquire foods in socially acceptable ways’ (VicHealth, 2016)

Question 9

Fortified

Answer 9

when a nutrient has been artificially added to food to increase its nutritional value

Question 10

Glycaemic index (GI)

Answer 10

a scale from 0 to 100 indicating the effect on the blood glucose of foods containing carbohydrates.

Question 11

Haemoglobin

Answer 11

a component of blood, consisting of iron and protein, that transports oxygen throughout the body

Question 12

Hard tissue: tissue in the body that forms hard substances such as bones, teeth, and cartilage.

Answer 12

tissue in the body that forms hard substances such as bones, teeth, and cartilage.

Question 13

Kilojoule (kJ)

Answer 13

a unit for measuring energy intake or expenditure.

Question 14

Macronutrient

Answer 14

a nutrient that is required by the body in substantial amounts (for example, protein, carbohydrates, fats).

Question 15

Micronutrient

Answer 15

a nutrient that is required by the body in lesser amounts (for example, minerals and vitamins)