Topic 4 Natural Selection And Genetic Modifcation

Question 1

Lucy

Answer 1

A 3.2 million year old female hominid fossil exhibiting more human-like phenotypic traits than ‘Ardi’.

Question 2

Mutation

Answer 2

random change in the base sequence of DNA which may result in genetic variants. Mutations may be beneficial, damaging, or neutral.

Question 3

Natural selection

Answer 3

The process by which the frequency of advantageous traits passed on in genes gradually increases in a population over time.

Question 4

Selective breeding

Answer 4

The process by which humans artificially select organisms with desirable characteristics and breed them to produce offspring with desirable phenotypes.

Question 5

Evolution

Answer 5

Evolution - The gradual change in the inherited traits within a population over time. Occurs due to natural selection.

Question 6

Ardi

Answer 6

A 4.4-million-year-old female hominid fossil that shows phenotypic traits encompassing characteristics of both humans and apes.